2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 4 Cyberspace 北師大版必修2.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 4 Cyberspace 北師大版必修2 1.connect v．　　　　　 聯(lián)系 2.conveniently adv. 方便地 3.develop v. 發(fā)展 4.explore v. 探索 5.solve v. 解決 6.simplify v. 簡(jiǎn)化 7.equip v. 裝備；配備 8.concludev. 總結(jié) 9.create v. 創(chuàng)造 10.invent v. 發(fā)明 11.inspire v. 鼓舞；啟示 12.research n. 研究 13.accurate adj. 精確的 14.apply to 適用于；運(yùn)用 15.meet one’s needs 滿足某人的需求 16.break through 突破 17.owe sth.to sb. 把某事歸功于某人 18.get a better understanding of 對(duì)……有較好的理解 19.take...seriously 重視…… 20.pay off 獲得回報(bào) 1.To his satisfaction, most of the employees are in favor of his suggestion. 讓他滿意的是，大多數(shù)雇員都支持他的建議。 2.The club could help more people who were in need using this new technology. 使用新技術(shù)，這個(gè)俱樂部能夠幫到更多的需要幫助的人。 3.Parents should try to have a talk with their children to learn what they are thinking about. 父母應(yīng)該盡量和孩子們談一談，了解他們的想法。 (xx山東乳山一中高三模擬)假定你是李華，貴校在學(xué)生中征集意見，詢問學(xué)生是否贊成開設(shè)iPad課堂(iPad classrooms)。你支持開設(shè)iPad課堂；請(qǐng)給校長(zhǎng)寫一封建議信，要點(diǎn)如下：1.資源豐富；2.促進(jìn)交流；3.利于環(huán)保。 Dear Headmaster， We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms. I am in favor of this plan. To begin with, everyone learns differently. Students can be exposed to enough information using their iPads. Moreover, when connected to the Internet, students can interact with teachers and classmates about what they learn more conveniently. For the sake of environmental protection, opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Most importantly, I believe students will develop their interests by enjoying a new way of learning. I hope you would take my ideas into consideration and we look forward to attending an iPad class. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 1．concept n．　　 概念 2．chart n. 表格，圖表 3．gallery n. 畫廊 4．a(chǎn)rtificial adj. 人造的 5．virus n. 病毒 6．crime n. 犯罪；罪行 7．terrorist n. 恐怖分子 8．nuclear adj. 原子能的 9．network n. 網(wǎng)絡(luò) 10．title n. 標(biāo)題；題目 11．flesh n. 肉；肉體 12．exit vt. 出；離開 13．dip vt. 浸 14．millionaire n. 百萬(wàn)富翁 15．tourism n. 觀光，游覽 1．likely adj. 有可能的 adv. (與most, very連用)可能 2．focus vi. 集中注意 3．a(chǎn)verage adj. 平均的 n. 平均數(shù) 4．climate n. 氣候 5．flood n. 洪水，水災(zāi) vt. & vi. 淹沒 6．a(chǎn)ffect vt. 影響 7．rapidly adv. 快，迅速地 8. growth n. 增長(zhǎng)；生長(zhǎng) 9．crash vt. (汽車、飛機(jī)等)撞毀；墜毀 10．project n. 課題；方案；工程 11．fancy vt. (非正式)想要做；幻想 12．reject vt. 拒絕，不接受 13．destination n. 目的地 14．pack vt. 收拾(行李)，打包 15．guide n. 指南；導(dǎo)游，向?qū)? 16．view n. 景色，風(fēng)景 1. reality n．真實(shí)，現(xiàn)實(shí) →real adj.真的 →really adv.真實(shí)地；實(shí)際上 2．a(chǎn)ttack n. & vt. 攻擊，進(jìn)攻→attacker n. 攻擊者 3．optimistic adj. 樂觀的→optimism n. 樂觀；樂觀主義→optimist n. 樂觀的人；樂天派 4．entertainment n. 娛樂；款待→entertain vt. 使娛樂；款待 5．disappear vi. 消失 →disappearance n. 消失→appear vi. 出現(xiàn)(反義詞)→appearance n. 出現(xiàn)；外貌 6．harm vt. & n. 傷害，損害→harmful adj. 有傷害的→harmless adj. 無(wú)害的 7．obvious adj. 明顯的，顯而易見的→obviously adv. 明顯地 8．scientific adj. 科學(xué)的→science n. 科學(xué)→scientist n. 科學(xué)家 9．suggestion n. 建議，提議→suggest vt.建議，提議 10．a(chǎn)rrangement n. 安排→arrange vt. 安排 11．settle vi. 定居→settlement n. 定居地→settler n. 移民者 12．regular adj. 定期的；規(guī)則的→regularly adv. 定期地；規(guī)則地→regulation n. 章程，規(guī)章制度 13．a(chǎn)ttractive adj. 吸引人的，有魅力的→attraction n. 吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人→attract vt.吸引 14. officially adv.正式地 →official adj.官方的；正式的 [用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空] 1．The sufferers were all optimists and I was deeply affected by their optimism. And I began to learn to be optimistic，too.(optimistic) 2．The woman pays a regular visit to her doctor. The doctor examines her body regularly. While she is waiting, she often repeats the regulations on the wall.(regular) 3．What attracted him most was the attractive park. But he planned to visit another attraction in this area first.(attract) 4．Reading in the sun does harm to our eyes.That is，it is harmful to our eyes to read in the sun. However，the sunlight is harmless to the crops.(harm) 5．It is obvious that the boy doesn’t like the singer. Obviously,_he is looking for another singer in the hall.(obvious) 1．make_up 編造，構(gòu)成 2．e_true (愿望、夢(mèng)想等)實(shí)現(xiàn) 3．a(chǎn)s_if 好像，仿佛 4．hang_on (電話用語(yǔ))別掛斷 5．get_in_touch 取得聯(lián)系 6．be_up_to 做，從事于 7．in_the_flesh 本人親身 8._as_well_as 也，又 9._be_known_as 被認(rèn)為是 10._in_the_future 將來(lái) 11._take_action 采取行動(dòng) 12._what’s_more 而且 13._take_over 接收，接管 14._consist_of 由……組成 15._cut_off 切掉，切斷 [選用上面的短語(yǔ)填空] The girl is good at 1.making_up interesting stories and her dream is to be a writer 2.in_the_future. She heard of a writer who 3.is_known_as one of the greatest writers in China.She decided to manage to 4.get_in_touch with him. 1．It＋is＋adj.＋that...句型，其中it作形式主語(yǔ) ...“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.” 【仿寫】　很明顯，這部電影在中國(guó)獲得了很大的成功。 It_is_clear_that the film was a great success in China. 2. as if 意為“好像，似乎”，既可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，從句常使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of puters with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation. 【仿寫】　那個(gè)女人站在那里，好像是一座雕塑。 The woman was standing there，as_if_she_were_a_statue． 3．have sth.done使某事被做，讓別人做某事 Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday? 【仿寫】　我哥哥很忙，所以他讓人錄下來(lái)里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)的開幕式典禮。 My brother was busy, so he had the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games of Rio recorded． 4．not only...but also...意為“不但……而且……”，用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)對(duì)等的句子成分 We would not only be able to travel around the world，but also go to study in any world famous universities we wanted to. 【仿寫】　不但學(xué)生們有難題，老師們自己也有。 There are problems not_only_with_the_students，but_also_with_the_teachers_themselves． 5．動(dòng)詞＋it＋形容詞＋to do sth.句型，it作形式賓語(yǔ) But I still find it hard to imagine. 【仿寫】　大多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為和孩子的老師相處好很重要。 Most of the parents think_it_important_to_get_on_well with their children’s teachers. will/be going to 表示將來(lái)的用法； 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．I heard that Ann was injured just now. I will_go(go) to see her this afternoon. 2．If I saw(see) him tomorrow，I would invite him to e to attend my wedding. 3．If you had_taken(take) my advice，you wouldn’t be crying over your future now. 4．I am_going_to_take(take) my driving test tomorrow and now I am a little worried. 5．Without the Internet，our life would_be(be) quite different nowadays. 　 likely　adj.有可能的，有希望的 adv.(與most, very連用)可能；或許，很可能 (xx全國(guó)卷甲語(yǔ)法填空)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely to bring your work home.　如果你在辦公室之外找到了喜歡做的事情，你就不太可能把工作帶回家去做。 It is likely that...　　　　　 ……很有可能 sb./sth.is likely to do sth. ……有可能做某事 not likely (表示堅(jiān)決不同意)絕不可能，絕對(duì)不會(huì)　 It is likely that he will agree with the plan to advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle. 他很有可能會(huì)同意這個(gè)提倡低碳生活的計(jì)劃。 —How about having a phone out here? ——在這里裝個(gè)電話怎么樣？ —Not likely! ——不可能！ possible 可能性相對(duì)小，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)不能是人，常用句式為“It is possible for sb.to do sth.”或“It is possible that...” likely 表示某事很可能發(fā)生，與probable 意思相近，但主語(yǔ)可以是人也可以是物。常用于“It is likely that...或sb./sth.be likely to do...”句型中，但不能說(shuō)“It is likely for sb.to do sth.” probable 帶有“很可能”的意味，語(yǔ)氣比possible強(qiáng)，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)不能用人或不定式作主語(yǔ)，常用句式為“It is probable that...” [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——選詞填空(likely/probable/possible) (1)It is possible for her to work out the maths problem in such a short time because she is very clever. (2)Which are you more likely to have with you at any given moment—your telephone or your wallet? (3)It is likely/probable/possible that they will e to attend the meeting. [能力提升]——單句寫作 (4)(xx全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)有很好的年計(jì)劃的學(xué)生更可能滿足并能完成選擇的課程。 Students who take a well－planned year out are_more_likely_to_be_satisfied_with,_and plete, their chosen course. (5)(xx北京高考)毫不奇怪，年輕人有可能會(huì)爆發(fā)，尤其是當(dāng)有理由這樣做的時(shí)候。 It is not surprising that young people are_likely_to_burst_out,_particularly when there are reasons to do so. 　 focus　 vi.集中注意；(使)聚焦 n．焦點(diǎn)，焦距，聚焦；(活動(dòng)、興趣等的)中心，集中點(diǎn) (教材P4)In a book with lots of pictures and charts，I am likely to focus mainly on the written text. 在一本有很多圖畫和圖表的書里，我很可能主要注意書面文字。 (1)focus on...　　　 集中于…… focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on... 集中注意力/目光/精力于…… (2)the focus of attention/concern 注意力/關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn) (3)be focused on 集中在；集中注意力　 (xx全國(guó)卷甲語(yǔ)法填空) Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. 我們中的大多數(shù)人在早上的時(shí)候會(huì)比我們?cè)谝惶熘械耐硇r(shí)候更加集中于我們的工作。 Health and environmental problems have increasingly bee the focus of attention/concern. 健康和環(huán)境問題日益成為人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)With his attention focused(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him. (2)Having_focused(focus) his attention on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you. [能力提升]——高考小作文 (3)(福建高考書面表達(dá))這表明當(dāng)今社會(huì)的一個(gè)普遍現(xiàn)象： 孩子是家庭的中心， 承載著父母的希望。 It shows a mon phenomenon nowadays that children_are_the_focus_of_families,_shouldering the hope of their parents. affect　 vt.影響；(疾病等)侵襲 (教材P8)Peter Taylor finds out how puters and the Internet are going to affect our lives. 彼得泰勒發(fā)現(xiàn)了計(jì)算機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將如何影響我們的生活。 (1)be affected by...　　 被……感動(dòng)/感染； 受……的影響 (2)effect n. 影響 have an effect/influence on 對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響　 (xx北京高考)Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life，mostly for the better. 技術(shù)變革隨處可見，影響著生活的每個(gè)方面，主要是使生活變得更好。 People present at the meeting were affected by his moving story. 出席會(huì)議的人被他感人的故事深深打動(dòng)。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)She was_affected(affect) by her parents’ divorce last year. (2)Unfortunately, the heavy rain has a bad effect on the crops here. [能力提升]——一句多譯 聽眾被深深地打動(dòng)了， 他們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間熱烈地鼓掌。 (3)The audience were/was_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a long time. (4)Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)) (5)The audience, deeply_affected,_warmly applauded for a long time.(用過去分詞作定語(yǔ)) harm　 vt.&n.傷害，損害 (教材P8)someone who does terrible things to harm countries，governments and people 某個(gè)做了惡劣的行徑危害國(guó)家、政府和人民的人 (1)do/cause harm to　　　　 對(duì)……造成傷害 There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事無(wú)害 (2)harmful adj. (尤指對(duì)健康或環(huán)境)有害的，導(dǎo)致?lián)p害的 be harmful to...　 對(duì)……有害 (3)harmless adj. 無(wú)害的 be harmless to...　　 對(duì)……無(wú)害 (xx上海高考語(yǔ)法填空)But like so many other things, it is only too much stress that does you harm. 但是和很多其他事情一樣，只有太多的壓力才對(duì)你有害。 If you want to solve the problem in this way，there is no harm in calling him. 如果你想以這種方式來(lái)處理問題，你不妨給他打個(gè)電話。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)Eating sweets occasionally doesn’t do harm to children. (2)Most materials in this factory are harmful(harm) to us, so I have decided to quit. [能力提升]——一句多譯 眾所周知， 觀看暴力電視節(jié)目真的對(duì)孩子有害。 (3)As we know, watching violence on TV really harms_children．(harm vt.) (4)As we know, watching violence on TV really does/causes_harm_to_children．(harm n．) (5)As we know, watching violence on TV is_really_harmful_to_children．(harmful adj.) suggest　 vt.建議，提議；推薦；表明，暗示 (教材P12)Tom，can you suggest any good books for my project? 湯姆，你能推薦一些和我做的項(xiàng)目有關(guān)的好書嗎？ (1)suggest (sb.’s) doing sth.　 建議(某人)做某事 suggest (that)．..(should) do 建議……(從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣) It is suggested that... 建議……(that從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣) (2)suggestion n. 建議，提議 make/offer/give a suggestion 提出建議　 (xx全國(guó)卷甲短文改錯(cuò))Some classmates suggest we (should) go to places of interest nearby. 一些同學(xué)建議去附近的景點(diǎn)看看。 (xx天津高考單項(xiàng)填空)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.　因有太多的工作，經(jīng)理提出一個(gè)建議，我們應(yīng)該配備個(gè)助手。 suggest作“建議”講時(shí)，后接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(suggestion后面的名詞性從句也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)。作“暗示，表明”講時(shí)，后接的從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 (xx全國(guó)卷乙)Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. 然而，有證據(jù)表明有在增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句改錯(cuò) (1)New brain research suggests our brains should work differently when we face a nervous situation. 去掉should (2)The smile on her face suggested that she be very satisfied with what we had done. be→was [能力提升]——高考小作文 (3)(xx四川高考書面表達(dá))為了掌握普通話， 我強(qiáng)烈建議你多與中國(guó)人練習(xí)， 只有通過練習(xí)你才能發(fā)現(xiàn)這種語(yǔ)言的美。 To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest_you(should)_practice_with_Chinese people.Only through practice can you find the beauty of this language. 　 settle　vi.定居，安家；停留 vt.安排，解決，處理；決定；安放 (經(jīng)典例句) The problem is not so easy as you think. It is far from being settled. 這個(gè)問題不像你想得那么簡(jiǎn)單，它還遠(yuǎn)沒有解決。 (1)settle to do sth.　　　 決定做某事 settle down 定居；平靜下來(lái) settle down to (doing) sth. 開始認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事；安下心來(lái)做某事 settle in 定居；習(xí)慣于；遷入(新居) settle on 決定；選定 (2)settler n. 移居者 settlement n. 移民；和解，協(xié)議　 It always takes the class a while to settle down at the beginning of the lesson. 那個(gè)班在開始上課時(shí)總得過一會(huì)兒才能安靜下來(lái)。 The pressure is now on the unions to reach a settlement. 目前正對(duì)各工會(huì)施加壓力，要他們達(dá)成協(xié)議。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)The settler(settle) hasn’t settled in his new job so far. (2)Are you ever going to settle down and get married ? (3) The young people settled on that island for their wedding. (4) It is noisy here and I can’t settle down to writing(write) my novel. (5) He got the flat as part of their divorce settlement(settle)． [能力提升]——句式升級(jí) (6)The problem had been settled, so they became very happy and relaxed. →With_the_problem_settled，they became very happy and relaxed. (用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫) 　 view　n．景色；風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；意見 vt.眺望；觀察；觀看；看作 (教材P14)In the city，you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower，which is the city’s tallest Tower. 在這座城市里，你可以享受天空塔的令人驚嘆的風(fēng)景，它是這座城市最高的塔。 [一詞多義]——寫出下列句中view的詞性及含義 (1)(xx上海高考)Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.n.觀點(diǎn)，見解 (2)He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.n.景色，風(fēng)景 (3)(xx全國(guó)卷甲短文改錯(cuò))If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. n．視野 (4)I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.vt._觀看 (1)in one’s view　　　　　　 在某人看來(lái) e into view 進(jìn)入視野，看得見 in view of sth. 鑒于，考慮到，由于 (2)view...as... 把……視為……　 (xx全國(guó)卷乙)Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. 其他文化群體的人很重視沉默，把沉默看做是理解別人的需要所必需的事情。 In my view，new styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. 在我看來(lái)，新的風(fēng)格可以與舊風(fēng)格完美共存。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)The Internet is viewed by many as a revolutionary educational tool. (2)In view of the present situation, we’ll have to change our original plan. (3)Foreign ministers of the two countries hold regular meetings，where they can exchange views(view) on international issues of both concern. (4)In my view, it’s not wise to spend much time playing with smart phones. [能力提升]——單句寫作/句式升級(jí) (5)我們站在泰山的山頂上。 We stand_on_the_top_of_Mount_Tai． (6)我們可以清楚地看到整個(gè)城市的美景。 We are able to have_a_good_view of the beautiful scenery of the whole city. (7)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)連接(5)(6)： Standing_on_the_top_of_Mount_Tai,_we_are_able_to_have_a_good_view_of_the_beautiful_scenery_of_the_whole_city. 　 average　 adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n．平均數(shù)；平均水平；一般水準(zhǔn) v．計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù) (xx天津高考單項(xiàng)填空)As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. 隨著人口平均年齡的增長(zhǎng)， 越來(lái)越多的老人需要照顧。 (1)an average of　 平均有(后跟數(shù)詞) (2)on (the) average 平均起來(lái) above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下 up to average 達(dá)到平均數(shù)； 達(dá)到一般水準(zhǔn)　 Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200, 000, an average of 40, 000 per year. 去年畢業(yè)時(shí)有駕照的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到二十萬(wàn)， 平均每年四萬(wàn)。 (xx重慶高考單項(xiàng)填空)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ above the average. 去年是有史以來(lái)最暖和的一年， 全球溫度比平均值高出0.68攝氏度。 [巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)The economy has grown at a remarkable rate, averaging(average) almost 10 percent per annum. (2)(xx四川高考)The mon cold is a good example：women, on average, get fewer colds than men. e true　實(shí)現(xiàn)，變成現(xiàn)實(shí) (教材P7)Which of the predictions in them have already e true? 它們里面的哪些預(yù)言實(shí)現(xiàn)了呢？ e loose/right　　　　　 變松/變好 go bad/mad/wrong/hungry 變質(zhì)/發(fā)瘋/出錯(cuò)/挨餓 　 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，e 與 go 作系動(dòng)詞，都含“變?yōu)椤敝?。e后的形容詞表語(yǔ)常指令說(shuō)話人“感到滿意或開心”的結(jié)果，go 后的形容詞表語(yǔ)多表“令人不快或沮喪”的情況。 Don’t worry，and everything will e right. 別擔(dān)心，一切都會(huì)變好的。 There are some families going hungry in the world now. 現(xiàn)在世界上有一些家庭正在挨餓。 [巧學(xué)活用]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換 The girl is working hard to realize her dream. →The_girl_is_working_hard_to_make_her_dream_e_true. get in touch (with)　和……取得聯(lián)系 (xx北京高考單項(xiàng)填空)To make it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand. 為了更方便地聯(lián)系到我們，你最好隨身帶著這張卡片。 keep/stay in touch with 與……保持聯(lián)系；了解，掌握 lose touch with 和……失去聯(lián)系 (be) out of touch with 與……沒有聯(lián)系 be in touchwith 同……有聯(lián)系　 He expressed the hope that we would keep/stay in touch with his firm. 他表示希望我們與他的公司保持聯(lián)系。 I have been in touch with him for ten years. 我和他已經(jīng)保持了十年的聯(lián)系了。 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句改錯(cuò) (1)How long have you got in touch with Mr.Smith？got→been_ (2)He lost in touch with his father when he was ten years old.去掉in [能力提升]——單句寫作 (3)It is not easy for us to get_in_touch_with(和……取得聯(lián)系) each other，so we must keep_in_touch(保持聯(lián)系) from now on. (4)Having_been_out_of_touch(失去聯(lián)系) with his parents for two years，Jones returned home，safe and sound. 　 hang on(＝hold on)　(電話用語(yǔ))別掛斷；抓緊不放；別放棄，堅(jiān)持下去；稍等 (經(jīng)典例句)The line is busy，would you like to hang on? 電話線路忙，請(qǐng)別掛斷好嗎？ [一詞多義]——寫出下列句中hang on的含義 (1)I think we should hang on and see the end of the game.堅(jiān)持 (2)We all hung on as the bus swung around a sharp bend.緊緊抓住 (3)Hang on！I’ll be back in a minute.稍等 hang on to　　　　　 緊緊抓??；堅(jiān)持下去；依靠 hang out 閑逛；常去(某處) hang up 掛斷電話　 (xx江蘇高考單項(xiàng)填空)It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 通常，對(duì)那些心存希望的人來(lái)說(shuō)，一切皆有可能。 They often hang out with bad people out of school after school. 放學(xué)后，他們經(jīng)常與校外的壞人一起閑逛。 我們學(xué)過的表示“掛斷電話/別掛斷電話”的短語(yǔ)還有：ring off 掛斷電話；hold the line別掛斷。 [巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)He was so angry that he hung up before I could say a word. (2)If you hang on,_you will succeed in the end. (3)At the weekend I like to just hang out with my friends. 　 (be) up to　 做，忙于，從事于；多達(dá)，達(dá)到(數(shù)量/規(guī)格)；勝任；直到……為止；取決于，由……決定；是……的責(zé)任 (教材P11)What are you up to this weekend，John? 約翰，這個(gè)周末你打算做什么？ [一詞多義]——寫出下列句中be up to 的含義 (1)The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于 (2)John was dismissed because he was not up to his work.勝任 (3)Is their spoken English up to the pany’s standard？達(dá)到 (4)“Shall we have red wine or white？” “It’s up to you.” 由……決定 [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)(xx上海高考語(yǔ)法填空)Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the better your performance will be. (2)To beautify our city, a large number of old houses along the street have been pulled down up to the present. [能力提升]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換 (3)The young girl is so green that she won’t be equal to the job. →The young girl is so green that she won’t_be_up_to_the_job． (4)I have never heard from her, so I don’t know what she is busy doing. →I have never heard from her, so I don’t know what she is_up_to． (教材P8)．..“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.” ……“很明顯，我們將會(huì)看到網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物的大幅度增長(zhǎng)?！? it在句中作形式主語(yǔ)，代指后面that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。it作形式主語(yǔ)的常用句式： (1)It be＋形容詞(possible，strange，natural，important...)＋that從句。 (2)It be＋過去分詞(said，thought，hoped，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that從句。 (3)It＋不及物動(dòng)詞(seem，occur，happen...)＋that 從句。 (4)It be＋名詞短語(yǔ)(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，no wonder...)＋that從句?！? It’s natural that teachers are strict with their students. 老師對(duì)學(xué)生要求嚴(yán)格是很自然的事。 It is reported that the player failed to win the first gold medal in Rio in xx. 據(jù)報(bào)道這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員沒能贏得xx年里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)的首金。 [巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)It is important that everyone should learn to get along well with others in a new environment. (2)It is a pity that Jane and George can’t make it to the party. (3)It is believed(believe) that it is the earliest and largest ancient paper－making workshop site ever found in China. (教材P8)Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of puters with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation. 有些專家看到我們虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的未來(lái)——運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)產(chǎn)生的聲音和視覺效果，使你感覺就好像生活在現(xiàn)實(shí)中一樣。 (1)as if“好像，似乎”，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，用于句型“It looks/seems as if...”中。它也可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。 (2)當(dāng)說(shuō)話人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或極小可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 ①與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)用would/could/might ＋動(dòng)詞原形； ②與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)用過去時(shí)； ③與過去事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)用過去完成時(shí)。 (xx上海高考語(yǔ)法填空)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. 這些孩子們對(duì)她非常友好，甚至把她看作是他們自己的媽媽。 I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. 我還記得整個(gè)事件，就好像它發(fā)生在昨天一樣。 如果as if 引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且含有be動(dòng)詞，可省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，這樣as if 后只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語(yǔ))、介詞短語(yǔ)或分詞。 She walked here and there on the playground as if looking for something. 她在操場(chǎng)上來(lái)回走，好像在找什么東西。 [巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空 (1)(xx江蘇高考) More generally, the Internet functions as if it were(be) my memory. (2)The patient opened his mouth as if to_say(say) something. (3)The man talks about Hong Kong as if he had_been(be) there before. (教材P12)But I still find it hard to imagine. 但我還是覺得難以想象。 (1)該句型為：動(dòng)詞＋it＋補(bǔ)語(yǔ)＋不定式。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，指代