2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 名詞性從句考點(diǎn)版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 名詞性從句考點(diǎn)版 1. Mouse loves rice. 2. God is a girl. 3. I’m Miss Chen, the head teacher of Class One. 4(1) His job is important. 4(2) What he does is important. 5(1) This is his job. 5(2) This is what he does every day. 6(1) I don’t like his job. 6(1) I don’t like what he does every day. 7(1) I don’t know the man, Mr. White. 7(2) I don’t know the fact that he is a teacher. 二、名詞從句(Noun Clauses) ①在句子中起 作用的句子，相當(dāng)于 ②在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任 、 、 、 等 ③根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，可分為 (Subject Clause)、 (Predicative Clause)、 (Object Clause)和 (Appositive Clause) 三、名詞性從句考點(diǎn)： 考點(diǎn)1．語(yǔ)序：名詞性從句在句中要用 語(yǔ)序，即________ + _________ 1) He would be back in an hour. He said…→He said _____________________________. 2) Do they speak English? We want to know…→We want to know __________________. 3) What is her name? He asks me…→He asks me _________________________. 注意:在think, believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞之后, 賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)的否定常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語(yǔ)上 如：I don’t think he will see you. We don’t expect he is ing. 我相信他不會(huì)走。 考點(diǎn)2．時(shí)態(tài) 1. 如果主句是 的時(shí)態(tài)(包括, ) 那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用。 合成一個(gè)句子： 1) When will Professor Li give us a talk? We wanted to know … →We to know . 2) Jim is a good student. The teacher said … →The teacher . 3) Has Mr. Green been in Beijing for five years? He asked … →He . 2. 主句的動(dòng)詞用，從句表示等，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 Our physics teacher once told us that light ______ (travel) faster than sound. 3. 主句的動(dòng)詞用，從句謂語(yǔ)可 Tom says that Mary ___ (go) abroad last year and _____ (be) there for nearly 5 months. 考點(diǎn)3. 主謂一致問(wèn)題 單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用形式。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用形式。 1)何時(shí)開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。When the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet. 2)他們何時(shí)出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒(méi)有決定。 When they will start and where they will go _____ (have) not been decided yet. 3)何時(shí)何地開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。 When and where the meeting will begin ____ (have) not been decided yet. 考點(diǎn)4 名詞性從句連接詞的選用 1. 引導(dǎo)詞that 可省略的情況：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中的that可省略 不可省略的情況：1. 主語(yǔ)從句 2. 表語(yǔ)從句 3. 同位語(yǔ)從句 4. 用it做形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句 5. 并列的賓語(yǔ)從句中的后幾個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that 不能省略 1) I don’t think ______ she is ing. 2) It is a pity _____ he has made such a mistake. 3) The reason is ______ he is careless. 4) The news _____ our team won the match inspired us. 5) I don’t think it necessary _____ you should read English aloud. 6) He told me _____ his father had died and ____ he had to make a living alone. 2. 主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇who、which、when、where、why、how 等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問(wèn)含義，又起連接作用，同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。 1)我們何時(shí)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。____ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 2) 我不知道昨天誰(shuí)打破了玻璃。I don’t know ______ broke the glass yesterday. 3) 我不知道他長(zhǎng)的什么樣子。I have no idea _______ he looks like. 4) 這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。This is _______ I left my glasses. 3. that和what的選用: that和what都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。 1) I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2) His mother is satisfied with what he has done. 3) That he was able to e made us happy. 4) This is what makes us interested. 5) The reason was that Tom had never seen the million-pound note before. 所引導(dǎo)的從句中是否缺主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) 漢語(yǔ)意義 能否省略 what that 1) ______ he wants is a book. 2) ______ he wants to go there is obvious. 3) The result is ______ we won the game. 4) This is _____ we want to know. 5) Is _____ he told us true? 6) We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying. 7) I have no doubt _____ he will e. 8) I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. 4. if 和whether的選用 不能使用if 的情況： 1)在主語(yǔ)從句中，只有用it作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí), whether和if都能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句, 否則, 也只能用whether。 如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting. 2)表語(yǔ)從句 如：The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 同位語(yǔ)從句 如：The news whether our team has won the match is unknown. 3)介詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句。(介詞往往可以省略) 如：It all depends (on) whether they will support us. 4)后面直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，即whether to do。 如：He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. 5)后面緊接or not時(shí)，即whether or not。 如：We didn’t know whether or not she was ready. 選詞填空：if / whether 1) I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2) _______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3) We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 4) I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. 5) I don’t know ________ or not he is well. 6) The question is _________ he should do it. 7) The doctor can hardly answer the question ________ the old man will recover soon. 8) I don’t know _______ to go. 考點(diǎn)5 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 a)主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 基本句型：It is + 、 、 + that ... + : important ,necessary, natural, strange… : a pity, a shame, no wonder… : suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted… 1) It is ordered that he _____ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take 2) It is strange that he _____ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told b)賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 ①表示建議、要求、命令、堅(jiān)持等動(dòng)詞suggest, insist, advise, propose, demand, require, request, order, mand后的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_________________ We suggested that the meeting ___________ A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off 注意:suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明”講時(shí)，insist 表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，從句按需要來(lái)選擇時(shí)態(tài) The smile on his face suggested that he ______ (was/be/is) satisfied with our work. ②對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)，that從句中謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)。 如：IwishI______(know)theanswer now. 對(duì)過(guò)去虛擬時(shí)，用had＋過(guò)去分詞。 如：Iwishhe __________(pass)theexam yesterday. 將來(lái)虛擬時(shí)，用would(might等)＋動(dòng)詞原形 如：IwishI________ (fly)tothemooninafewyears. c)表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即_______________________ ①His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try ②The order given by the mander was that they _____ until the mander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didn’t stop C. stop D. not stop 考點(diǎn)6 it作形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ) 1. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng),而謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí),常常將從句_____,而用it作為形式主語(yǔ)置于句首。 　用it作形式主語(yǔ)的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系： ①I(mǎi)t + be +形容詞+ that-從句 ③It + be +名詞+ that-從句 It is necessary that…　 有必要…… It is important that…　 重要的是…… It is obvious that…　　很明顯…… It is mon knowledge that… …是常識(shí) It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是…… It is a fact that…　 事實(shí)是…… ②It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句 ④It +不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-分句 It is believed that…　　人們相信…… It is known to all that…眾所周知…… It has been decided that…已決定…… It appears that…　　　 似乎…… It happens that…　　　　碰巧…… It occurred to me that … 我突然想起…… 1) It is certain that he will e. 2) It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week. 3) It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening. 2. 在接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中, 為了保持句子平衡, 用it作形式賓語(yǔ), 將從句放于句尾, 常接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think... 1) I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 2) Ithinkitapitytowastethefood. 考點(diǎn)7 同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)和辨別 1. 同位語(yǔ)從句的格式：n. + 連接詞 + 從句 2. 能接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, advice, suggestion等 3. 連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用whether, what, when, where 等來(lái)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 1) I have no idea _________ he es from. 2) He can’t answer the question ________ he got the money. 3) He gave us many suggestions ________ we should get up earlier and take more exercise. 4) I have no doubt ________ he will win. 5) I have some doubt ________ he will win. 4. 同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 ① 同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的名詞大都是抽象名詞; 定語(yǔ)從句所修飾、限定的名詞或代詞有抽象的也有不抽象的。 We express the hope that they will e to visit China again. (_______從句) Those who want to go please sign their names here. (________從句) 判斷以下句子是哪種從句：同位語(yǔ)從句__________ 定語(yǔ)從句________ 1) The news that he told us made us happy. 2) The news that we won the game made us happy. 3) We will consider the suggestion that we should build a new library. 4) We will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the meeting. 5) The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year. 6) The news that Mike would go abroad next year is told by him. 7) She expressed the hope that they would e to visit Shanghai again. 8) The hope (that) she expressed is that they would e to visit Shanghai again. ② 同位語(yǔ)從句所說(shuō)明的名詞與從句沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系； The news that they won the match is true. (news和從句沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系) The order when we should go back hasn’t reached us. (order和從句沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系) 定語(yǔ)從句所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。 The news that you told us yesterday is true. (news是told的邏輯賓語(yǔ)) The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten. (day是founded邏輯狀語(yǔ)) ③ 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞不可省略; The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true. 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略。 The news (that) he told me is exciting. ④ 同位語(yǔ)從句主要由連接詞that引導(dǎo),有時(shí)也可用when,where,who,whether等引導(dǎo); 定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。 Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed. Do you know the place where he was born? ⑤ 同位語(yǔ)從句與先行詞一般可變成一個(gè)完整句子, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用be的不同形式。 He heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)表語(yǔ)從句: The news was that their team had won. Exercise: I. 主語(yǔ)從句 1.他上周突然生病使我們驚訝。 he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 2.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)她考試成績(jī)會(huì)很好。 is certain that she will do well in her exam. 3.他是否會(huì)來(lái)這里還不清楚。 he’ll e here is not clear. 4.這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰(shuí)也不清楚。 this happened is not clear to anyone. 5.他們將什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始還沒(méi)決定。 they will start has not been decided yet. 6.她干了什么尚不清楚。 she did is not yet known. 7.他所做的任何事情是正確的 he did was right. 8.不論誰(shuí)來(lái)都?xì)g迎。 es is wele. 9.你們當(dāng)中不論哪個(gè)進(jìn)來(lái)將會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng) of you es in will receive a prize. 10.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 you are is my home ---- my only home. II. 表語(yǔ)從句 1.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。 The trouble is I have lost his address. 2.問(wèn)題是他們是否能幫我們。 The question is they will be able to help us. 3.問(wèn)題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢。 The problem is we can get to replace her. 4.問(wèn)題是他是如何做此事的。 The question is he did it. 5.那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。 That was she did this morning on reaching the attic. 6.這是因?yàn)樗×恕? This was he was ill. 7.他死去的原因是他沒(méi)有吃藥。 The reason for his death was he didn’t take medicine. 8.他看起來(lái)還與十年前一樣。 He looked just he had looked ten years before. 9.這都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一樣。 All this was over twenty years ago, but its it was only yesterday. 10.看起來(lái)天要下雨了。 It looked just it was going to rain. III. 賓語(yǔ)從句 1.他對(duì)我們說(shuō)他感到不舒服 He told us he felt ill. 2.我懷疑他是否會(huì)成功 I doubt he will succeed. 3.我真不知道是該哭還是該笑。 I dont know to cry or to smile. 4.我不知它是真是假 I wonder it is true or not. 5.他是什么人？他是干什么的？馬丁根本不知道. or he was, Martin never learned. 6.我不知道他要給我寫(xiě)信說(shuō)什么事 I wonder he’s writing to me about. 7.我為我說(shuō)的話表示歉意。 I’ m sorry for I have said. 8.你知道他在哪里嗎? Do you know he is? 9.我會(huì)告訴你我為什么要你來(lái) I’ll tell you I asked you to e. 10.你可做任何你想做的事 You may do you want. 11.我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了 I think that you are right. IV. 同位語(yǔ)從句 1.對(duì)你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。 They were all very much worried over the fact you were sick. 2.德國(guó)已對(duì)俄國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)的消息一大早就傳來(lái)了。 Early in the day came the news Germany had declared war on Russia. 3.醫(yī)生做了很多努力來(lái)減少這個(gè)病人對(duì)于死與這個(gè)疾病的恐懼。 The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear he would die of the disease. 4.我不知道他是否來(lái)。 I have no idea he’ll e or not. 5.誰(shuí)該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要考慮。 The question should do the work requires consideration. 6.到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們還沒(méi)有決定。 We havent yet settled the question we are going to spend our summer vacation. 7.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。 I have no idea he will e back. 7.那是一個(gè)他如何做了此事的問(wèn)題 It is a question he did it. 8.車(chē)停下來(lái)的原因是路太滑了. The reason the car was stopped was that the road was slippery.