2019-2020年高考英語二輪專題復習精練 閱讀理解（7）.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語二輪專題復習精練 閱讀理解（7） [xx遼寧高考] Going green seems to be a fad (時尚) for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we cant really say, but for the two of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle. On April 22, 2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task. With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment. We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps. Over the course of Our Green Year, we pletely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic (有機的)stores. We consume less meat, choosing green food. We have greatly reduced our buying we dont need. We have given away half of what we owned through websites. Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of homemade fresh bread. In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished. Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year. We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet. 1．What might be the best title for the passage? A. Going Green B. Protecting the Planet C. Keeping OpenMinded D. Celebrating Our Green Year 2．It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because ________. A. they were expected to follow the green fad B. they didnt know how to educate other people C. they were unwilling to reduce their energy D. they needed to perform unusual green tasks 3．What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year? A. They tried to get out of their ungreen habits. B. They ignored others ungreen behavior. C. They chose better chemical cleaners. D. They sold their homemade food. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The government will give support to the green project. B. The couple may continue their project in the future. C. Some people disagree with the couples green ideas. D. Our Green Year is being a national campaign. [文章大意]　2011年4月22日作者一家人決定開始踐行綠色生活，讓我們看看他們是如何做的吧。 1．A?？疾闃祟}判斷。文章第一段有兩處出現(xiàn)了going green，且下文也多次出現(xiàn)，本文主要講述的就是作者一家是如何開始踐行綠色生活的，所以A項最適合作文章標題。 2．D?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。根據第二段的第二句“This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things.”可知D項正確。 3．A?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。Our Green Year這個關鍵信息可以在倒數第二段找到，該段說作者一家完全改變了生活方式，如在有機商店購物，少吃肉，盡量少買不需要的東西，不用化學清潔劑等，這些都是環(huán)保的習慣，與A項的概括相一致。故選A。 4．B?？疾橥评砼袛?。文章最后一段中出現(xiàn)了grateful，believe和do have the power等關鍵詞，這些都暗示出作者夫婦在將來可能還會繼續(xù)他們的環(huán)保生活。 B [xx石家莊市高三模擬] Text messages, emails and using puters to learn could be stunting(抑制) childrens vocabulary, experts fear. That is because our brains are hardwired to learn new words when we hear others use them in everyday conversation. But learning with smartphones, tablets and puters, instead of listening to a teacher or parent, means young people are not being given the chance to hear a wide range of words. The oral tradition of passing on knowledge is being eroded, with both adults and children spending too much time looking at screens. Marco Catani, of the Institute of Psychiatry, said, “We have less time to talk to each other and our children are taught through devices. They have access to the Internet, iPhones, mobile phones and tablet puters. These are visual rather than auditory, so it is likely that they will end up with a lower average number of words than previous generations.” Constant puter use has been blamed in the past for shorter attention spans, a culture of instant gratification and making young people more selfcentered. In a study, the brains of 27 volunteers were scanned as they learned madeup words. They found hearing and then verbally imitating speech was the key to understanding. Dr. Catani said, “When you learn a new word, you start by hearing a sound, then you try to repeat it until you get it right. Through this you increase your vocabulary from age one until you get to 30,000 words as an adult.” The findings show listening, repetition and conversation are crucial to learning language. But Dr. Catani believes it could mean young people are growing up lacking vital language skills. He said, “The brain is wired to learn sound through auditory processes, not visual. That is why we have oral traditions, with knowledge passed from generation to generation. Now we understand that this is how we learn new words, our concern is that children will have less vocabulary, as much of their interaction is through text, email and screen. This research reinforces the need for us to maintain the oral tradition of talking to our children.” 5. According to Catani, children who learn from onscreen images________. A. cant keep their attention for a long time B. require their satisfaction to be met at once C. will find it hard to take in vocabulary D. will bee more selfcentered in life 6. What is important to understand new words? A. Identifying sounds by means of nerve fibers. B. Forming speech after hearing sounds. C. Increasing your vocabulary to 30, 000 words. D. Hearing and repeating the words orally. 7．What Catani said in the last paragraph implies that________. A. talking is important for children to develop language skills B. knowledge is mainly passed through auditory process C. children enlarge their vocabulary through screen D. the tradition of orally talking leads to the lack of vocabulary 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Learning through puter takes too much time. B. The smartphone generation will learn fewer words. C. Children are unwilling to listen to teachers. D. Passing on knowledge orally isnt dying out. [文章大意]　如今，青少年在日常生活中越來越多地使用手機、電腦等，和老師以及家長的交流越來越少，從而影響了他們對詞匯量的掌握。 5．C?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。根據第三段中的“These are visual rather than auditory，so it is likely that they will end up with a lower average number of words than previous generations.”可知，由于現(xiàn)在的青少年接觸的都是一些視覺信息，缺乏聽覺方面的內容，所以他們接受的詞匯比較少，故選C。 6．D。考查細節(jié)理解。根據第六段中的“When you learn a new word...until you get to 30,000 words as an adult.”可知，學習新的詞匯，要先聽到這個詞匯，然后不斷地口頭重復練習，故選D。 7．A?？疾橥评砼袛?。根據最后一段中的“This research reinforces the need for us to maintain the oral tradition of talking to our children.”可知，傳統(tǒng)的和孩子們進行口頭交流的方式仍然是有必要的，因此選A。 8．B。考查主旨大意。本文主要告訴我們，如今的青少年因經常使用手機、電腦等，攝入的詞匯量逐漸減少了，因此B項符合本文主旨。 C [xx蘭州、靖遠名校高三模擬考試] The kakapo is the worlds only flightless parrot. They measure 50 to 64 centimeters long and weigh 2 to 4 kilograms. They have green, yellowbrown feathers and small wings. These wings are used for balance and for helping break falls when they jump from low branches onto the ground. The kakapo also has large feet with two toes facing forwards and another two facing backwards. These feet help them climb trees. This species is also known as the owl parrot because of its big, brown eyes as well as the shape of its head. The kakapo can be found only on Codfish and Chalky Islands. Because the kakapo cant fly, they move around and look for food on the ground. Being nocturnal, they will rest during the day and carry out their activities at night. They are special creatures, spending most of their time alone. The diet of the kakapo consists of nuts, berries, seeds, flowers and fruits. They also eat insects and small reptiles(爬行動物). The kakapo is an easy target for predators as its large and has a tendency of freezing up when threatened. Humans have been big hunters of these birds, both for their meat and their feathers. Breeding season for the kakapo takes place from December to April. After mating has taken place, a male will leave the female to raise the chicks alone. Females will give birth to about 2 to 3 eggs every 2 to 5 years, which will hatch after about 30 days. The chicks wont reach sexual maturity until they are 9 or 10 years old. If they can survive long enough, however, they can grow up to be 60 years old, and some may even survive almost 100 years. The kakapo is a critically endangered species, with fewer than 150 left. Over hunting, slow reproduction and loss of natural habitat have been their greatest threats throughout history. Hopefully, something can be done soon before the kakapo is lost to this world pletely. After all, such a unique parrot deserves to live and prosper for future generations to see. 1. The first paragraph mainly tells us something about ________. A. the kakapos habitat B. the kakapos physical appearance C. the kakapos lifestyle D. functions of the kakapos wings and feet 2. The kakapo is called the owl parrot mainly because________. A. they carry out their activities at night B. they spend most of their time alone C. their eyes and heads look like the owls D. their large feet look like the owls 3．Which of the following statements is true about the kakapo? A．They begin to mate when they are five years old. B．It is the females duty to raise the chicks alone. C．They like to stay with other creatures. D．People hunt them for feathers not for their meat. 4．The factors that drive the kakapo in danger include the following EXCEPT that________. A．people have never stopped hunting them B．they dont have high birth rate C．their natural habitat has been decreasing D．they face a lack of nutritious food [文章大意]　本文是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了瀕危動物鸮鸚鵡的一些情況。 1．B。段落大意題。第一段主要講的是鸮鸚鵡的身體特征，包括羽毛、翅膀、爪子等。所以選B項。 2．C。細節(jié)理解題。從第一段中的“This species is also known as the owl parrot because of its big, brown eyes as well as the shape of its head.”可知應選C項。 3．B。細節(jié)理解題。從第四段中的“After mating has taken place，a male will leave the female to raise the chicks alone.”可知，當交配完成后，雄鸮鸚鵡會離開雌鸮鸚鵡，留下雌鸮鸚鵡獨自養(yǎng)育雛鳥。所以選B項。 4．D。細節(jié)理解題。從最后一段的內容可知，讓鸮鸚鵡陷入瀕危動物之列的主要原因有：人類的過度捕殺、繁殖率低和棲息地的減少等。故選D項。 D [xx遼寧省六校高三年級聯(lián)合考試] Many people have a sweet tooth. The average American kid consumes more than 20 teaspoons of sugar per day, and adults eat 50% more sugar today than they did in the 1970s. But the findings of a recent study may surprise you. A team of researchers at the University of Utah used mice to conduct a study on the negative effects of sugar. They found it could have serious effects on peoples health. During the 58weeklong study, mice were fed a diet containing 25% more sugar. This percentage is equal to a healthy human diet along with three cans of soda daily. The team found that these mice were twice as likely to die as mice fed a similar diet without the sugar. Though the mice did not show signs of obesity or high blood pressure, male mice were 26% less territorial(地盤性的) and produced 25% fewer young than the other mice. Scientists often use mice for research because they have a similar genetic structure to humans. “Since most substances that are poisonous in mice are also poisonous in people, its likely that those potential physical problems that cause those mice to have increased death rate are at play in people，” says researcher James Ruff. Findings from this study reveal negative effects that are not as detectable(可發(fā)覺的) as weight gain or heart problems. Sugar can contribute to longterm changes in the body that can affect development and even lead to shorten lives. Different types of sugar have different effects on the human body. Some of the sugar we consume es from foods we eat － candy, soda, and cookies. But much of the sugar we eat is hidden. Food panies add large amounts of sugar to items we may not classify as sweets. Some pasta sauces, crackers, and even ketchup(番茄醬) have large amounts of sugar. To help cut down on extra sugar consumption, nutrition experts suggest looking at the ingredients on food packages. Ingredients that end inose, such as sucrose(蔗糖) and fructose(果糖), are sugars. So are those that include the word syrup(糖漿). Cutting sugar out of the American diet altogether may be difficult. But making the effort to control our nations sugar cravings will provide for a truly sweeter future. 1. Paragraph 3 aims to tell us________. A. how scientists carried out their research B. why scientists often use mice for research C. what researchers have found from the study D. whether the mice like the diet with more sugar 2. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Humans will have the same problems as mice. B. Scientists use mice in that theyre more available. C. Sugar can contribute to poisonous substances in mice. D. Some negative effects of sugar are not easily detected. 3. Why should customers read the ingredients on food packages? A. To save money. B. To take in less sugar. C. To buy the best food. D. To cook it in the right way. 4. What does the last sentence mean? A. Taking in less sugar will make the Americans healthier. B. It makes sense for Americans to develop a balanced diet. C. The Americans should make great efforts to keep off sugar. D. Controlling sugar production is beneficial to the Americans. [文章大意]　很多美國人愛吃甜食。最近美國猶他大學的研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，吃糖過多有害健康。這為愛吃甜食的人們敲響了警鐘。 1．C。考查段落大意。根據第三段可知，本段主要講述了科學家從事的這項長達58周的研究的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)。 2．D?？疾橥评砼袛?。根據第四段倒數第二句可知，糖對人體的有些副作用不像體重增加和心臟病那樣容易被發(fā)現(xiàn)。 3．B。考查細節(jié)理解。根據最后一段的第六句可知，營養(yǎng)專家建議人們認真閱讀食品包裝袋上的原料說明，以便減少糖的攝入。故選B項。 4．A?？疾榫湟饫斫狻８鶕詈笠欢蔚箶档诙鋬热菘芍?，讓美國人不吃糖是很困難的，再結合最后一句的“But”可推出，這句話的意思是“但是少吃糖能使他們更健康?！?