2019版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars夯基提能作業(yè) 新人教版必修3.doc

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Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2018河南許昌模擬) While astronauts in space get to do many exciting things,they miss out on ordinary things that we all take for granted—being able to walk on firm ground,hanging out with family and digging into a slice of hot steaming pizza.Though not much can be done about the first two things,there may soon be a solution to the third one,thanks to this cool 3D pizza printer! About a year ago,NASA offered $125,000 to Anjan Contractor,a 3D technology expert,to build a device(設(shè)備) that would allow astronauts to make pizza on demand.The mechanical engineer promised that his invention would produce pies in large quantities that looked,tasted and even smelled like pizza made in mon ovens. Late last year,the engineer presented a video of his first prototype(原型) that begins by creating a single slice of dough (面團(tuán)) that is cooked and printed at the same time.Then es the tomato “sauce”—a mix of tomato powder,oil and water and finally,a protein slice that resembles cheese.While the video doesn’t show the baking process,the inventor says that once the pizza is printed,it can be ready to be consumed in 7 seconds. While the pie in the video looks delicious enough to attract any pizza lover,Anjan Contractor is far from ready for astronauts.That’s because he still has to find a solution to make the food container in the printer last for 30 years.Though that may sound unrealistic,actually it is not. Anjan Contractor believes that the only way that is possible is that the water is removed from all the ingredients(配料) and then they are reduced to the powder form.This,as you can imagine,will not be so easy.But,while the printer may not be ready for space,it certainly looks ready enough for people on earth.Hopefully,NASA and Contractor will consider selling it to those not fortunate enough to go to Mars! 1.Why does the author mention the things that astronauts in space cannot do? A.To ask us not to take mon things for granted. B.To show they live a difficult life there. C.To show their life is boring in space. D.To introduce the topic of the text. 2.NASA offered $125,000 to Anjan Contractor mainly to　　　. A.create some new type of 3D printer B.attract more panies to work for NASA C.help astronauts in space enjoy fresh pizza one day D.produce pizza in large quantities to earn great profits 3.The biggest challenge that Anjan Contractor is faced with now is probably that　　　. A.he has no money left to go on with his research B.the pizza doesn’t seem appetizing to pizza lovers C.he has no way to make pizza that can last for thirty years D.he cannot make the food container last for decades 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A.NASA is trying its best to help astronauts eat better B.Astronauts may soon be able to enjoy steaming hot pizza C.NASA is working on making pizza for mon people D.A 3D pizza printer has been used to make pizza B (2017云南昆明適應(yīng)性檢測(cè)) Bike Share Toronto is the city’s official bike share program designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. There are 200 Bike Share Toronto stations and 2,000 bikes across the city, making bikes the most accessible way to get around. How it works ●Bee an annual member or buy a Day Pass to access the system. ●Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it. ●Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active. ●Return your bike to any station, and wait for the green light on the dock to make sure it’s locked. Choose a plan ●For visitors Day Pass:$7. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period. 3-Day Pass:$15. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 72-hour period. ●For locals Monthly Pass:$25. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a month. Annual Membership:$90. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a whole year. The Annual Membership is the best deal for the locals of Toronto and other frequent riders. The cost of the first 30 minutes of each ride is included in the membership or pass price. Avoid extra fees by changing your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike for more than 30 minutes, you will be charged extra $1.50 for the second 30 minutes, $4 for the next 30 minutes, and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that. Contact us ●Customer Service: (855)898-2388 ●Repair Service: (855)898-2378 ●Corporation Partners: (855)898-2398 ●Employment Opportunities: (855)898-2498 5.Which is the most suitable choice for the locals in Toronto? A.Day Pass. B.3-Day Pass. C.Monthly Pass. D.Annual Membership. 6.How much will the extra fees be if you travel for two hours by bike? A.$5.5. B.$9.5. C.$12.5. D.$15.5. 7.For more information about working for Bike Share Toronto, contact them at　　　. A.(855)898-2388 B.(855)898-2378 C.(855)898-2398 D.(855)898-2498 8.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A.A member can get a code or a key to the bike. B.Bike Share Toronto is a non-profit program. C.Shared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles. D.The green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked. Ⅱ.語法填空 (2018安徽合肥高三調(diào)研) 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Many of my friends like fall and regard it as their favorite season. Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon 　1　 (find) a deeper appreciation of this season. The change of leaf colors is a mon reason given　2　people’s love of fall. Each tree reacts　3　 (different) to the change of the season. Some shed their leaves in the hope of reproducing; however, other 　4　 (tree) remain green as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter. This effect 　5　 (call) the flight-or-fight response. Fall is the time of　6　 (reflect) and preparation for the year ahead. I have found the meaning of fall. I’m　7　 18-year-old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress. There are times when I want to give up, but then I look around and realize life keeps　8　(move).The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn’t stop so I have to learn to keep up. The meaning of fall is different for each person. I encourage you　9　(go) out for a walk along some path and discover　10　fall means to you. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　10.　　　 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞; 2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 Last Saturday I went to the library as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went to see what was happened. I was shocking to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation, I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To his great relief, the kid was saved. I was proud what I had done. I hope everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need. 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A [語篇解讀]　美國宇航局出資125,000美元給一名3D技術(shù)專家,使其發(fā)明一種能夠使宇航員在需要時(shí)制作可口比薩餅的3D打印機(jī)。 1.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段尤其是第一段最后一句可推知作者提及宇航員在太空不能做某些事情是為了引出本文的話題,故答案為D項(xiàng)。 2.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“About a year ago,NASA offered $125,000 to Anjan Contractor,a 3D technology expert,to build a device that would allow astronauts to make pizza on demand.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。 3.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“That’s because he still has to find a solution to make the food container in the printer last for 30 years.”可知本題答案為D項(xiàng)。 4.B　主旨大意題。文章是圍繞在太空用3D比薩打印機(jī)這一主題展開的,故本文題目應(yīng)為:宇航員不久將能夠享用熱比薩。故答案為B項(xiàng)。 B [語篇解讀]　本文為應(yīng)用文,介紹了加拿大多倫多的共享單車服務(wù)。 5.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的“The Annual Membership is the best deal for the locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.”可知選擇D項(xiàng)。 6.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中的“If you keep a bike for more than 30 minutes...and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.”可知,騎行兩個(gè)小時(shí)額外付費(fèi)為:$1.5+$4+$7=$12.5,故選C項(xiàng)。 7.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Employment Opportunities:(855)898-2498可知選擇D項(xiàng)。 8.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.”可知共享單車會(huì)員會(huì)得到一個(gè)騎行密碼一把會(huì)員鑰匙,故選A項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.語法填空 [語篇解讀]　文章介紹了作者喜歡秋天的原因。 1.found　根據(jù)空格前的went可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。 2.for　樹葉顏色的變化是人們喜愛秋天的一個(gè)普遍原因,the reason for...意為“……的原因”。 3.differently　句意:每棵樹對(duì)季節(jié)改變的反應(yīng)不同?？崭裉幮揎梽?dòng)詞reacts,故使用副詞differently。 4.trees　根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞remain可判斷主語應(yīng)使用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故答案為trees。 5.is called　call與句子主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故答案為is called。 6.reflection　秋天是反思和對(duì)未來一年做準(zhǔn)備的時(shí)刻。介詞of后面需接名詞與preparation并列,故答案為reflection。　 7.an　數(shù)詞18的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭,故使用不定冠詞an。 8.moving　keep doing sth.意為“一直做某事,繼續(xù)做某事”。 9.to go　encourage sb. to do sth.意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。 10.what　discover后面為賓語從句,賓語從句中缺動(dòng)詞means的賓語,故使用連接代詞what。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 　　Last Saturday I went to the library as ①usuallyusual. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake ②whilewhen suddenly I ③hearheard someone crying for help. I went to see what was ④happenedhappening. I was ⑤shockingshocked to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many ⑥peoplespeople were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation, I ⑦h(yuǎn)ad pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, ⑧butand jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To ⑨hismy great relief, the kid was saved. I was proud ⑩∧of what I had done. I hope everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need. ①短語as usual意為“照舊;像往常一樣”。 ②be doing sth. when...意為“正在做某事就在這時(shí)……”。 ③文中敘述過去發(fā)生的事情,故使用一般過去時(shí)。 ④此處指正在發(fā)生的事情,且happen無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 ⑤shocked常常修飾人;shocking常常修飾物。 ⑥集體名詞people常常不用加“s”。 ⑦此處指過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,故使用一般過去時(shí)。 ⑧上下文之間為并列關(guān)系,故用and。 ⑨代詞指代錯(cuò)誤。 ⑩短語搭配be proud of意為“對(duì)……感到驕傲”。