2019版高考英語一輪基礎習選題 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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The United Kingdom 一、閱讀理解。 Below are several suggestions to help you, the workaholic, re-focus and get the best out of life. EIGHT HOURS OF SLEEP! Make it a point to get at least eight hours of sleep and plenty of rest. Don’t believe that you can always “catch some sleep or rest later”. Your body cannot make up for lost sleep or rest time because it is not physiologically possible. STRICTLY FAMILY ON WEEKENDS! Resolve to make Saturdays and Sundays strictly for family time. And stick to this! Mondays until Fridays you make an excuse not to relax and spend time with your family because it’s work time, why not make a similar excuse for Saturdays and Sundays? “I can’t work today because I’m spending time with my family. ” GET SOME FOOD IN! Make sure you get food in your stomach. Workaholics are known to be food-skippers. If you can’t afford to get off your desk or from doing paperwork, have food delivered to you. It’s always a good idea if you have crackers on your drawer to ease the hunger pangs. CONFINE WORK! Resolve to confine work in your office. Don’t bring work to your home! Keep those files in your office desk where they belong. Practice working only within your working hours. If you have an eight-to-five working schedule, stick to it. WORK UP THOSE MUSCLES! Exercise, exercise, exercise! Set aside at least an hour each day or every other day for exercise. Your body needs to be conditioned, and working non-stop isn’t going to give it the proper physical conditioning it needs. Since most workaholics tend to have their behinds stuck on their chairs, it’s even more important that you get some exercise. MAKE A PLAN! Plan your day. Work on only one or two things at a time. It’s much easier to work on something and finish it first and then move on to the next rather than do a number of things all at the same time and never finish or acplish anything at the end of the day. Make out a list of priorities. Write down things that need to be worked on immediately or are urgent, keeping the least ones at the bottom of your list. After you’ve done this, be guided by this list. Turning this activity into a habit will also help you manage your time better, be more organized, and acplish more. 【文章大意】本文對工作狂們提出如何更好地聚焦生活, 提高效率的方法及建議。 1. The passage is intended for ________. A. those who are hardworking B. those who consider work the center of their life C. those who keep themselves healthy and alive D. those who live a busy, successful and happy life 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)開篇第一句話提到“Below are several suggestions to help you, the workaholic, re-focus and get the best out of life. ”以及下面這些建議來幫助那些工作狂們, 聚焦生活, 故選B項。 2. By making a plan, the author means ________. A. working on only one or two things each day B. finishing a number of things at once C. organizing your time and finishing urgent things first D. acplishing as much work as possible at any given moment 【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段提到“It’s much easier to work on something and finish it first and then move on to the next rather than do a number of things all at the same time and never finish or acplish anything at the end of the day. ”可知做好計劃, 計劃好時間, 完成必須完成的工作, 故選C項。 3. The underlined word “confine” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. A. give up　 B. start　 C. practice 　 D. restrict 【解析】選D。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文中提到“Don’t bring work to your home! Keep those files in your office desk where they belong. ”可知不要帶工作回家, 即限制自己的工作, 所以選D項。 4. If there were one more suggestion, it could be ________. A. WORK TO LIVE! B. LIVE TO WORK! C. MAKE WORK YOUR LIFE! D. STOP TO ENJOY WORKING! 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句話提到“Turning this activity into a habit will also help you manage your time better, be more organized, and acplish more. ”把這種行為轉(zhuǎn)化成一種習慣, 將幫你更好地利用時間, 下一步提到工作的意義, 故選A項。 二、單句語法填空 1．________(attract) by the movie starring Jet Li, I decided to see it again. 答案：Attracted　attract與其邏輯主語I之間為動賓關系，故應用過去分詞attracted作狀語。 2．Ill appreciate it if you can reply to my letter ________your earliest convenience. 答案：at　at your earliest convenience 為固定短語，意為“盡快”。 3．We were ________(delight) that we were successful in our experiment. 答案：delighted　delighted “高興的；快樂的”，常用于修飾人，表示人的心理活動。 4．It is necessary that the problem ________(discuss) at once. 答案：(should) be discussed　It is necessary that sth./sb. (should) do sth. 為固定句型，本句中，the problem和discuss之間存在被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)。 5．I am looking forward to being told about your ________(arrange) of vacation. 答案：arrangements　arrangement “安排”，常用復數(shù)形式。 6．Even if ________(invite) to, I wont go to such a bad lecture. 答案：invited　所填詞為狀語從句的省略形式，補充完整為：Even if (I am) invited to ... 。 7．Mr Green is in charge of a large pany ________(consist) of more than 2,000 workers. 答案：consisting　consist of “由……組成”，無被動語態(tài)，故應用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語，修飾pany。 8．When would it be ________(convenience) for you to start work? 答案：convenient　It is convenient for sb. to do sth. “對某人來說做某事是方便的”。 9．Success consists ________the ability to continue efforts through failures. 答案：in　句意：成功在于歷經(jīng)失敗卻持續(xù)努力的能力。consist in “在于”。 10．This job doesnt pay well, but itll ________(rough) cover your daily expenses. 答案：roughly　roughly “粗略地”，在此處修飾動詞cover，應用副詞。 三、完形填空。 Research confirm that performing acts of kindness and sharing thankful thoughts have many positive effects on mood and health. They are among the top five predictors of happiness. When you feel thankful for something.that’s gratitude. You never get it out of ___1___; you are clear who or what is responsible,whether that’s a loved one, a strange, or a higher power.Gratitude is how you ___2___ to others when you see yourself in connection with things larger than yourself. ___3___, this understanding of our reliance on others is being more ___4___ today. With mercial and social media, everythi8ng makes the younger generation feel that they are the ___5___ of the universe. If it’s all about them,why thank others? If true, there would be a disturbing ___6___ trend. Canadian researchers found that people who wrote thank-you letters or performed good deeds for a six-week period decreased their pain, upped their energy,and improved their mental health.And you can ___7___ these benefits at any age. Old people who choose to be thankful are less likely to worry about their ___8___ health. Gratitude tends to be easily spread,as well. Those who are helped are more likely to pay kindness ___9___. One study found that when someone is thanked, it more than doubles his or her chances of being ___10___ again, likely because he or she enjoys feeling socially ___11___. If you aren’t particularly grateful now,you can learn to be. People who keep a journal of three positive things that happen to them each day ___12___ health-including thankfulness. At first, it may be difficult to ___13___ the good things that occur. But ___14___, your train gets trained into a more appreciative mode. And in the end, the journal bees a book of joyful ___15___. Gratitude training certainly es to your aid during the ___16___ times because a greater appreciation for life is the___17___you focus on. ___18___ your gratefulness directly with the person you feel grateful to, the benefits of happiness ___19___. You don’t need a scientific study to know that showing and accepting gratitude can ensure you an ___20___ life, a much better life than you thought. 語篇解讀：心存感恩會給你的情緒和健康帶來益處，現(xiàn)在的人們越來越缺少感恩之心，作者認為我們應該 從日常訓練感恩意識開始，培養(yǎng)我們的感恩情懷。做題時，把握作者態(tài)度，考慮上下文語境。 1.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything. 【答案】C 【解析】結合空白處上一句，當你為某事感到感激的時候，這就是感謝。接著下一句 You never get it out of nothing ，這里的意思是，“你絕不會無緣無故明白它”，短語 out of nothing 指“無中生有”， 故選 C。 2.A. refer B. submit C. subscribe D. relate 【答案】D 【解析】refer to 參考，涉及；submit to 屈服于；subscribe to 訂閱；relate to 關系到。結合語境，感恩就是 在和他人建立聯(lián)系的時候，不只是關注自身。用 related to，表示與他人建立聯(lián)系。故選 D。 3.A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. Besides D. However 【答案】D 【解析】therefore 因此；meanwhile 同時；besides 除此之外；however 然而。結合下文，現(xiàn)在的人變得越來 越以自我為中心，大家的感激意識變得越來越淡。此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，用 however,故選 D。 4.A. beneficial B. difficult C. stubborn D. ridiculous 【答案】B 【解析】beneficial 有益的，有用的；difficult 困難的；stubborn 頑固的；ridiculous 荒唐的。結合語境，現(xiàn) 在的人們把得到別人的幫助當做理所當然的事情，所以這種 understanding 變得越來越困難了，用 difficult。故選 B。 5.A. master B. center C. survivor D. creator 【答案】B 【解析】master 大師；center 中心；survivor 幸存者；creator 創(chuàng)造者。結合語境，商業(yè)和社會媒體，讓年輕 的一代認為自己是宇宙的中心。言外之意就是年輕人現(xiàn)在越來越以自我為中心，不懂得感恩。故 選 B。 6.A. health B. mental C. cultural D. vital 【答案】A 【解析】health 健康；mental 情緒的；cultural 文化的；vital 極其重要的。結合語境，如果這一切是真的， 那么這是一個不健康的趨勢。結合文章可知作者持否定態(tài)度，故選 A。 7.A. continue B. approach C. sustain D. reap 【答案】D 【解析】continue 持續(xù)；approach 接近；sustain 支撐；reap 收獲。結合空白處前面一句“Canadian researchers found that ...”介紹了常懷感恩和行善能夠得到一些好處，所以這里應該是收獲 these benefits，用 reap，故選 D。 8.A. original B. improving C. failing D. falling 【答案】C 【解析】original 最初的；improving 提高的；failing 失敗的；falling 下降的，跌落的。前一句談論了任何 年齡的人都可以獲益，這里形容老年人的糟糕的健康問題，用 failing，故選 C。 9.A. upward B. downward C. backward D. forward 【答案】D 【解析】空白處前一句“Gratitude tends to be easily spread,as well.Those who are helped are more likely to ...”感 恩很容易傳播出去，這些被幫助的人更愿意把善良傳下去。pay kindness forward，把善良傳遞下 去。故選 D。 10.A. thankful B. respectful C. helpful D. careful 【答案】C 【解析】結合上一句“one study found that when someone is thanked.it more than doubles his or her chances of being..”一個研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當某人被感謝過，那么他會有兩倍的概率去再次幫助別人，being helpful 樂于助人，同時符合前文所說的感恩很容易被傳播的觀點。故選 C。 11.A. valued B. influenced C. attracted D. noticed 【答案】A 【解析】valued 有價值的；influenced 有影響的；attracted 有吸引力的；noticed 注意的。結合語境推理，這 些人更容易去幫助別人，因為他們喜歡感受到自己的社會價值。故選 A。 12.A. cultivate B. emphasize C. benefit D. possess 【答案】A 【解析】 cultivate 培養(yǎng)；emphasize 強調(diào)； benefit 有益于； possess 擁有。結合前一句“If you aren’t particularly grateful now,you can learn to be.如果你現(xiàn)在還缺乏感恩，你可以學著去做”，所以這里應該是要培 養(yǎng)(cultivate)health-including thankfulness。 13.A. analyze B. recognize C. summarize D. organize 【答案】B 【解析】analyze 分析；recognize 意識，認識；summarize 總結；organize 組織。結合語境，這里的意思是， 首先你也許不能意識到產(chǎn)生好的效果，用 recognize，故選 B。 14.A. roughly B. decidedly C. gradually D. accidentally 【答案】C 【解析】roughly 粗糙地；decidedly 果斷的；gradually 漸漸地；accidentally 偶然地。結合前一句說你可能 不會一下子獲得成效，那么可以推斷，這是一個日積月累的過程，用 gradually，故選 C。 15.A. essays B. thoughts C. files D. memories 【答案】D 【解析】 essays 文章； thoughts 思想； files 文件； memories 記憶； 結合前文“keep a journal of three positive things that happen to them each day”可知，經(jīng)過日積月累，最后都變成了有意義的記憶，故選 D。 16.A. dark B. golden C. sharp D. urgent 【答案】A 【解析】dark 黑暗的；golden 黃金的；sharp 鋒利的，激烈的，敏銳的，機警的；urgent 緊急的。結合語境, “Gratitude training certainly es to your aid during the...”感恩鍛煉能幫助你，因為幫助你，所以 一定是在 during the dark time，故選 A。 17.A. scene B. part C. plan D. potential 【答案】B 【解析】scene 場景；part 部分；plan 計劃；potential 潛力，潛能。結合語境，這里說處于生活的最黑暗的 時期，感激會幫助你，因為更加懂得感激生活是你聚焦的那一部分。言外之意就是感激訓練讓你 在最黑暗的日子也會感恩生活。故選 B。 18.A. Supplying B. Experiencing C. Starting D. Recalling 【答案】C 【解析】supplying 供應；experiencing 經(jīng)歷；staring 開始；recalling 召回。結合語境，這里說從感謝你認為 應該從感謝的人開始，start with 意為“從……開始”，故選 C。 19.A. disappear B. accumulate C. emerge D. weaken 【答案】B 【解析】disappear 消失；accumulate 積累；emerge 出現(xiàn)；weaken 變?nèi)?。結合語境，這有利于幸福的積累， 用 accumulate，故選 B。 20.A. enriched B. engaged C. enlarged D. addicted 【答案】A 【解析】 enriched 豐富的； engaged 投入的； enlarged 擴大的； addicted 上癮的。 結合下一句“a much better life than you thought.”，這里應該是豐富我們的生活，用 enriched，故選 A。 四、單句改錯 1．The old man has been fired and now a young man takes place. _____________________________________________________ 答案：takes后加his　take ones place “代替某人”，相當于take the place of sb.。 2．When first was introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success. _____________________________________________________ 答案：去掉was　前一句子為狀語從句的省略形式，當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致或主語為it，且謂語部分含有be動詞的相應形式時，可以把從句的主語(或it)連同be動詞一同省略。 3．My husband arranged me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. _____________________________________________________ 答案：arranged后加for　arrange for sb. to do sth. “安排某人做某事”。 4．When in Senior High, my class was consisted of 55 students. _____________________________________________________ 答案：去掉was　consist of “由……組成”，不用于被動語態(tài)和進行時，故將was去掉。 5．To our delighted, everything goes well. _____________________________________________________ 答案：delighted→delight　to ones delight “令某人高興的是”。