2020版高考英語一輪復習 Unit 12 Culture Shock講義 北師大版必修4.doc

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Unit 12 Culture Shock (一)課前自主學習 Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．soccer n．　　　　　　　　　 _(英式)足球 2．flashlight n. 手電筒 3．handkerchief n. 手帕，紙巾 4．canteen n. 食堂，餐廳 5．a(chǎn)ppetite n. 食欲，胃口 6．yummy adj. 美味的 7．erupt vi. 爆發(fā)，噴發(fā) 8．parcel n. 郵包，包裹 9．literature n. 文學 10．welloff adj. 富有的 Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形 1．a(chǎn)bsorb_ vt. 理解，掌握；吸收 2．bear_ vt. 攜帶；容忍 3．familiar adj. 熟悉的，常見的 4．indicate_ vt. 表明；表示 5．brief_ adj. 短暫的，簡短的 6．exchange vt. 兌換，交換 7．request n. 請求 8．a(chǎn)ttach vt. 喜歡，依戀；系，固定 9．owe vt. 欠(情、債等) 10．modest adj. 謙虛的；適度的 11．export vt. 出口，輸出 12．custom_ n. 習俗，風俗 13．manners_ n．　　[縱聯(lián)1] 禮貌 14．stare vi. 凝視，盯著看 15．splendid adj. 極佳的，非常好的；壯觀的 16．outgoing adj. 友好的，樂于交友的 17．tasty adj. 美味的 18．spoken adj. 口頭的 19．reasonable adj.[縱聯(lián)2] 合理的，正當?shù)? 20．cautious adj.　[縱聯(lián)3] 小心翼翼的，謹慎的 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．a(chǎn)ddition n．相加；增加物→additional adj.補充的，額外的，附加的→add v．補充 2．a(chǎn)pology n．道歉，認錯→apologize v．道歉，謝罪 3．expectation n．期待的事物，預期→expect vt.期待，預料；指望→expected adj.預期的，預料的 4．majority n．大半，大多數(shù)→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 5．movement n．動作；活動→move v．移動；感動→movable adj.可移動的→moving adj.令人感動的 6．curiously adv.好奇地；奇怪地→curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇心 7．informal adj.非正式的→formal adj.正式的 8．injure vt.傷害→injury n．傷害，損害→injured adj.受傷的 9．educator n．教育者→education n．教育→educated adj.有教養(yǎng)的→educate vt.教育 10．a(chǎn)rrival n．到達，抵達→arrive vi.到達 縱聯(lián)1.單復數(shù)含義不同的名詞 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ 縱聯(lián)2.“able”后綴形容詞薈萃 ①reliable可信賴的；可靠的 ②adjustable可調節(jié)的 ③fashionable時尚的；時髦的 ④reasonable合理的 ⑤adaptable適合的；能適應的 ⑥r(nóng)easonable合理的，正當?shù)? ⑦sociable隨和的，好交際的 ⑧acceptable可接受的 縱聯(lián)3.歸納“ious”結尾的形容詞 ①harmonious和諧的 ②anxious焦慮的 ③religious宗教的 ④various各種各樣的 ⑤cautious謹慎的 單元話題——文化影響 子話題1　種種文化 ①local culture 本土文化 ②cultural treasures 文化寶藏 ③humane historical relics 人文歷史遺址 ④value of knowledge 知識的價值 ⑤crosscultural munication 跨文化交流 ⑥spiritual civilization 精神文明 ⑦cultural devolution 文化退化 ⑧cultural insights 文化視角 ⑨intangible cultural heritage 非物質文化遺產(chǎn) 子話題2　四大發(fā)明 ①gunpower火藥 ②pass 指南針 ③papermaking technique 造紙術 ④paperprinting technique 印刷術 子話題3　教育部門 ①graduate school 研究生院 ②kindergarten 幼兒園 ③Confucius Institute 孔子學院 ④secondary education 中等教育 ⑤adult education 成人教育 ⑥open admission 免試入學制 ⑦universal education 普及教育 [學考對接活學活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應用 1．(2014浙江高考閱讀B)The Swiss tend to be and address each other 　?　 last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful? not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守時) is vital, something that es from a deep respect for others time. Arrive? at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. ①處應填介詞：by ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：cautious ③寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：arrival 2．(2012新課標全國卷閱讀B)Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them 　?　 the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious? honey as the bird patiently waits and watches?. ①處應填介詞：to ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：tasty ③寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：stare 3．(2011江蘇高考任務型閱讀)Leaders who apologize? publicly could be an easy target. They are expected? to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often or lightly. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a good, strong reason?. ①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：apology ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：expectation ③寫出加黑詞在本單元的形容詞：reasonable 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應用 (根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2018全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)遵守當?shù)仫L俗是有禮貌的表現(xiàn)。一般來說，你應該準時到達。(custom, arrival) It_is_polite_for_you_to_obey_the_local_custom._Generally_speaking,_your_arrival_should_be_on_time. 2．(2018浙江高考書面表達)我學習英語已經(jīng)10年了，我能說一口流利的英語，并且我性格外向、樂于與他人交流。(spoken, outgoing) Ive_learned_English_for_10_years,_and_my_spoken_English_is_fluent._What_is_more,_Im_outgoing_and_ready_to_municate_with_others. 3．(2017全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)在這個展覽中，你能看到各種形式的極美的剪紙。除此之外，還有著名的藝術家當場展示如何剪紙。(splendid, addition) In_this_exhibition,_you_can_see_splendid_papercutting_with_all_kinds_of_patterns._In_addition,_there_are_famous_artists_who_will_perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot. (二)課堂重點釋疑 1．owe vt.欠(情、債等)；歸功于 [記牢] owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.　　 欠某人某物 owe ... to ... 把……歸功于；歸因于 owing to 因為；由于 owe it to sb. that ... 多虧了某人 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①These early settlers owed their survival_to hard work and determination to succeed. ②I owe it to you that I finished my work ahead of time. ③Owing to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours. 句型轉換 ④The country owes foreign countries billions of dollars because of the financial crisis. →The country owes billions of dollars to foreign countries because of the financial crisis. [用準]　 如果owe的賓語是動詞不定式或名詞性從句，可使用it作形式賓語，將充當真正賓語的動詞不定式或名詞性從句放在句尾。 [寫美] ⑤(2018江蘇高考書面表達)我們把排名的提高歸功于產(chǎn)品和服務上。 We_owe_it_to_the_products_or_services_that_good_ratings_increase. 2．a(chǎn)bsorb vt.吸收；理解；使專心；使全神貫注；掌握 [記牢] (1)absorb sb.s attention to (doing) sth. 吸引某人對(做)某事的注意力　　 absorb ... into ... 把……吸收到/并入…… (2)be absorbed by/into ... 被……吞并；為……所吸收 be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神貫注于/熱衷于/一心從事某事 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①Certain chemicals are easily absorbed into the bloodstream, while others are not. ②Absorbed (absorb) in painting, Mary didnt notice evening approaching. ③Most little shops have been absorbed by/into big businesses. 完成句子 ④He was_absorbed_in_the books after borrowing them from a bookshop. 從書店借來書之后，他便沉浸在這些書中。 ⑤The first Chinese woman astronaut Liu Yang absorbed_the_whole_worlds_attention. 第一位中國女宇航員劉洋吸引了全世界的注意力。 [寫美] ⑥(2015福建高考書面表達)一縷光線從墻上的一個小孔穿過，他(借助燈光)全神貫注地讀書。 A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading. [聯(lián)想]　 (1)表示“吸引某人注意(力)”的短語還有： ①draw/attract ones attention ②catch ones attention/eyes (2)表示“專心于”的短語還有： ①be lost/buried in?、赽e devoted to 3．familiar adj.熟悉的，常見的 [記牢] sb.be familiar with sth.　　　 某人對某物熟悉 sth.be familiar to sb.＝sth.be known to sb. 某物為某人所熟悉 [練通]　單句語法填空/完成句子 ①Ive just e here. Im still not familiar with the work. ②This old song is familiar to those Chinese people who lived in the 1960s. ③I was_so_familiar_with_him that I recognized his voice instantly I picked up the phone. 我對他是如此的熟悉以至于我一拿起電話就聽出了他的聲音。 [用準]　 be familiar with 主語一般是有生命的人，意為“某人對人/事熟悉” be familiar to 主語一般是無生命的事物，意為“某事為某人所熟悉” [寫美] ④(2018北京高考書面表達)你最好提前學習基礎漢語。只有用這種方式，你才能熟悉北京的生活。 Youd_better_learn_some_basic_Chinese_ahead_of_time._Only_in_this_way_can_you_get_familiar_with_the_life_in_Beijing. 4．a(chǎn)ttach vt.系，固定；附上，貼上；喜歡，依戀 [記牢] (1)attach ... to ...　　　 把……固定到/附/貼在……上 attach importance/significance/value to 認為……重要/有意義/有價值 attach oneself to sb. 與某人在一起；纏著某人 (2)attached adj. 依戀的；附加的 (be) attached to 附屬于；依戀 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①It is high time that the country should attach importance to energy saving and environment protection. ②A young man attached himself (he) to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him. ③Father asked me to attach a stamp to the envelope and mail it. 完成句子 ④Attach_a_recent_photo_to_your application form. 請在申請表上貼一張近照。 ⑤Dont attach_too_much_importance_to this report. 不要過于看重這份報告。 ⑥The research unit is_attached_to_the university. 這個研究機構附屬于這所大學。 [寫美] ⑦(2017天津高考書面表達)為了成為第十三屆全運會的志愿者，我提前做了很多我認為重要的準備。 To_get_admitted_as_a_volunteer_for_the_13th_National_Games,_I_have_made_many_preparations_I_attach_importance_to_in_advance. 5．request n．& vt.請求，要求 [記牢] (1)make a request for ...　　　　 請求，要求…… at sb.s request＝at the request of sb. 應某人的要求 (2)request sb.(not) to do sth. 請求某人(不)做某事 request sth.from/of sb. 向某人請求某物 request (that) ...　　　　　　 請求…… It is/was requested that ... 據(jù)要求…… [練通] 單句語法填空 ①At_the request of mayor, he made a speech on the square. ②You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. ③The Police mittee requested a grant from the Government to cover the extra expense. 一句多譯 老板要求我們不要在辦公室里吸煙。 ④The_boss_requested_us_not_to_smoke_in_the_office.(request sb. not to do) ⑤The_boss_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office. (request that) ⑥It_was_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office.(It is/was requested that) [用準]　在與request相關的名詞性從句或“It is/was requested that ...”句型中，從句謂語動詞用“should＋do”表示虛擬語氣，should可以省略。 [寫美] ⑦(2018全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)要求兩個隊每天訓練兩個小時并且定期參加比賽。 It_is_requested_that_both_teams_train_for_two_hours_a_day_and_participate_in_petitions_regularly. 6．exchange vt.兌換，交換 n．兌換，交換 [記牢] (1)exchange sth.for sth.　　　 以某物交換某物 exchange sth.with sb. 與某人交換某物 (2)make an exchange 交換 in exchange for sth. 交換某物 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①I will make the best of the opportunity to exchange ideas with them. ②I am going to travel abroad, so I go to exchange some RMB for dollars in the bank. ③Ill type your report if youll babysit to make an exchange. 一句多譯 他用一個蘋果換我一塊蛋糕。 ④He gave me an apple in_exchange_for a piece of cake. ⑤He exchanged_an_apple_with_me_for a piece of cake. [寫美] ⑥(2014天津高考書面表達)得知你下學期作為一名交流生來我們學校我非常高興。 Im_very_happy_to_learn_that_you_will_e_to_our_school_next_term_as_an_exchange_student._ 7．majority n．大半，大多數(shù) [記牢] (1)a/the majority of　　　　　　　……的大多數(shù) in a/the majority 占大多數(shù) by/with a majority of 以多數(shù)票…… (2)minority n. 少數(shù) in the minority 占少數(shù) (3)“a/the majority of＋名詞”作主語時，其后謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于of后名詞的數(shù)。the majority作主語時，謂語動詞既可以用復數(shù)，也可以用單數(shù)。 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①At present, in the teaching profession, women are in a/the majority. ②The majority is/are (be) in favour of the proposal that we should save water in our daily life. ③The majority of astronauts from America have_been (be)men in the last few years. 完成句子 ④The white are_in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority. 在澳大利亞，白人占多數(shù)而原住民反而占少數(shù)。 ⑤The_majority_of_the_damage is easy to repair. 大部分的損失很容易補救。 [寫美] ⑥(2016四川高考書面表達)正像我一樣，大部分人認為夏天比其他三個季節(jié)有趣。 Just_like_me,_the_majority_think_summer_is_certainly_more_interesting_than_the_other_three_seasons. 8．bear vi.& vt.(bore, borne/born)容忍，忍受；承擔(責任)；支撐；承受；生育；出生；結(果實)；攜帶 [辨清]　寫出下列句中bear的含義 ①I cant bear sharing the same room with him. 容忍，忍受 ②John was bitten by a dog, and he bears the scars to this day. 攜帶 ③I think the ice on the lake is too thin to bear your weight. 支撐 ④She has borne a son and two daughters. 生育 ⑤Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair？ 承擔 [記牢] bear the blame/responsibility　　　　 受責備/承擔責任 cant bear doing/to do sth. 不能忍受做某事 bear sb./sb.s doing sth. 忍受某人做某事 bear sth.in mind 牢記某事 bear (it) in mind that ... 牢記…… [練通] 單句語法填空 ⑥We have no vacancies now, but well certainly bear your application in mind. ⑦He couldnt bear being/to_be_made (make) fun of like that before the whole class. 完成句子 ⑧You shouldnt have to bear_the_blame_for other peoples mistakes. 你不應該非得代人受過。 ⑨We must bear_it_in_mind_that wasting time is equal to wasting our life. 我們必須牢記浪費時間等于浪費生命。 [用準]　 (1)bear意為“忍耐，忍受”時，通常與can, could連用，用于疑問句或否定句中。 (2)bear的過去式為bore，過去分詞是borne和born，表示“出生/自”時，用born，并且僅用于被動語態(tài)；表示“生育”時用borne。 [寫美] ⑩(2016全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)請記著我們8：30在學校外會面。 Please_bear_it_in_mind_that_well_meet_at_8：30_outside_the_school_gate. [詞匯過關綜合訓練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．It seems reasonable (合理的) to expect rapid urban growth. 2．Adler was an outgoing (外向的), sociable kind of man. 3．He had always been modest (謙虛的) and remained so after he had bee famous. 4．Its traditional for the two teams to exchange (交換) shirts after the game. 5．The research indicates (表明) that eating habits is changing fast. 6．We depend on the sea to produce most of our planets oxygen and absorb (吸收) carbon dioxide. 7．I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar (熟悉的) faces among the audience. 8．The old lady cant bear (容忍) the fatigue of a long journey. 9．A guide gave a brief (簡短的) introduction about the history of the site. 10．Im writing to make a request (請求) for a valuable chance to be one of the host families for the British students. Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1．It is reported that the majority of the young, with their parents working in distant cities, have_been_suffering (suffer) from a sense of loneliness for years. 2．He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life. 3．I am intended to look for a creative job, because I cant bear doing (do) the same thing day by day. 4．It is requested that each of the teachers invited (should)_give (give) a performance at the party. 5．Curiously (curious) enough, that very same thought occurred to me when I heard about the incident. 6．Educators (educate) are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the poor students. 7．What is being pulled down is the only theme park that is familiar to children. 8．With the development of science and technology, the surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city. Ⅲ.單句改錯 1．Dont respond to any emails requested personal information, no matter how official they look.requested→requesting 2．Since Beijing is familiar with me, I can show visitors around the places of interest in Beijing.with→to 3．When deeply absorbing in work, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.absorbing→absorbed 4．In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads — the majority of auto accidents is caused by human error — and fewer traffic jams.is→are 5．I owed to you that I made such rapid progress in my spoken English.owed后加it Ⅳ.完成句子 1．This kind of cancer is_attached_to_smoking_and_drinking (與吸煙、喝酒有聯(lián)系)． 2．Owing_to_my_poor_English (由于我的英語不好), I have difficulty in expressing myself in English. 3．I_couldnt_bear_to_listen/listening_any_longer (我實在聽不下去了), so I left the room. 4．I have decided to wash the dishes for three months_in_exchange_for_the_money (換取錢) Ill pay for my new bike. 5．People who can speak English are in_the_majority (占多數(shù)) in this country. (一)課前自主學習 1．get_used_to　　　　　　　　　　 習慣于 2．give_..._a_lift 讓……搭車，搭便車 3．see_...off 給(某人)送行 4．belong_to 屬于 5．insist_on [串記1] 堅持，堅決要求 6．stare_at [串記2] 盯著看；凝視 7．be_attached_to 附屬于 8．sound_like 聽起來像 9．in_poor_condition 狀況不好 10．be_sensitive_to 對……敏感 11．a(chǎn)t_least 至少 12．contrary_to 與……相反 13．put/bring_an_end_to 結束 14．loads_of 許多，大量 [同根短語串記] 串記1.“動詞＋on”短語薈萃 ①depend on依靠；依賴 ②insist on堅持 ③put on穿上 ④feed on以……為生 ⑤take on承擔 ⑥carry on繼續(xù)；進行 ⑦concentrate on集中 ⑧try on試穿 串記2.聚焦“看”相關短語 ①look around環(huán)顧；四下查看 ②glare at怒視 ③look down 俯視；向下看 ④stare at盯著看；凝視 ⑤look up仰望；抬頭往上看 ⑥look at查看 ⑦look through穿過……看 ⑧glance up抬頭一看 1．owe you an apology　　　　　　 該向你道歉 2．wander through the fields 漫步田野間 3．take sport very seriously 很重視運動 4．have_a_good appetite 胃口很好 5．a(chǎn) word of advice 一點建議 6．risk getting sick 冒生病的危險 7．a(chǎn)fford to visit me 抽出時間來看我 8．have a similar experience 有一次相似的經(jīng)歷 9．such a mix of different cultures 這樣一種不同文化的混合體 1．Id rather stay cosy and read my novel. 我寧可舒服地待著，看看小說。 2．Would you mind giving me and my schoolmate a lift to school? 你能讓我和我的同學搭上你的車去上學嗎？ 3．Decide where to go on holiday with a friend. 定好和朋友到哪兒去度假。 4．When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things. 剛到舊金山的時候，有段時間我感到很難理解某些美國人的處事方式。 5．I had a similar experience the last time I visited China. 上次我到中國參觀時也有同樣的經(jīng)歷。 [學考對接活學活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞塊與句式 1．(2018全國卷Ⅱ閱讀七選五)There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞匯) loads_of 2．(2015湖北高考閱讀D)Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼氣) has a tendency to form an invisible (隱形的) cloud around your head.You can end up with what astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞匯) put_an_end_to 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞塊與句式 (根據(jù)漢語及提示翻譯句子) 1．(2016全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)我仍然記著上次你來我們學校的時候給我展示了關于環(huán)保的照片。(the last time引導時間狀語從句) I_remember_you_showed_me_some_photos_on_environmental_protection_the_last_time_you_visited_our_school. 2．(2014重慶高考書面表達)我很珍惜這本書，因為它告訴我如何用一種積極的方式保持平衡的友誼。(疑問詞＋to do) I_value_this_book_because_it_tells_me_how_to_keep_the_balance_of_friendship_in_a_positive_way. (二)課堂重點釋疑 [短語集釋] 1．see ... off 給(某人)送行 [記牢] see through ...　　　　　 看透，識破；把……做完 see to sb./sth. 照料；注意；處理 see to it that ... 確保/保證…… [練通] 單句語法填空 ①John is leaving for London tomorrow and Ill see him off at the airport. ②Can you see to it that the fax goes this afternoon? 完成句子 ③Im so glad youve e here to_see_to_the_matter in person. 我很高興你能親自來處理這件事情。 ④You were very clever_to_see_through_him. He had deceived the rest of us. 你能看穿他真是聰明。他把我們其余的人都蒙蔽了。 [寫美] ⑤(2013江西高考書面表達)上午八點，我們在學校門口集合，校長給我們送行，然后我們情緒高漲朝著大青山出發(fā)。 At_8_am,_we_gathered_at_the_gate_of_the_school._The_headmaster_saw_us_off_and_then_we_set_out_for_Daqing_Mountain._ 2．get used to習慣于 [記牢] (1)be/bee/grow/get used to (doing) sth. ＝be/bee/grow/get accustomed to (doing) sth. 習慣于(做)某事　　　　 (2)be used to do sth. 被用來做某事 (3)used to do sth. 過去常常做某事(暗示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了) [練通]　完成句子 ①He gets_used_to_getting_up_early and he can enjoy the fresh air in the morning. 他習慣早起來呼吸早上新鮮的空氣。 ②Smartphones are_used_to_do many things for people now. 現(xiàn)在手機被用來為人們做很多事情。 ③We used_to_sit in the yard every evening, listening to stories told by my grandpa. 過去我們常常每天晚上坐在院子里，聽爺爺講故事。 ④When he was young, he used_to go there on foot. Now he has got_used_to going there by bike, though his bike is_used_to pick up his grandson sometimes. 他年輕的時候常步行去那里。現(xiàn)在他習慣于騎自行車去那里，雖然有時候他的自行車被用來接孫子。 [寫美] ⑤(2012四川高考書面表達)我習慣了在同學的幫助下背單詞。我真的希望你能給我一些如何記憶新單詞的建議。 I_am_used_to_learning_words_by_heart_with_the_help_of_classmates._I_really_hope_that_you_can_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_memorize_new_words. [句式集釋] 1．the last time引導時間狀語從句 [教材原句]　I had a similar experience the_last_time I visited China. [悟拓展例句] (1)The_last_time I saw him, he was in hospital. 上次我見到他時，他住院了。 (2)He left me a good impression the_first_time I met him. 我第一次見到他時，他給我留下了好印象。 (3)The_moment he got out of the airport, the famous pop star was surrounded by his fans. 這位著名歌星一出飛機場，就被歌迷圍了起來。 (4)I came to see you instantly (instant) I heard the news. 我一聽到這個消息，就馬上來看你了。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 the last time作連詞，引導時間狀語從句。類似的還有：the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, the day, the week, the month, the year, each/every/next/any/last time, immediately, instantly, directly, by the time等。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2015安徽高考滿分作文)The first time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.(要點句) (2)(2013湖南高考滿分作文)The first time we lost the match, we all felt very depressed, because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it.(要點句) 2．“特殊疑問詞＋不定式”結構 [教材原句]　Decide where_to_go_on_holiday with a friend. [悟拓展例句] (1)When and where to_discuss the issue hasnt been decided yet. 何時何地討論這個問題還沒有確定。 (2)Why not discover (discover) what you enjoy and do that? 為什么不去發(fā)現(xiàn)你喜歡做的然后去做呢？ (3)I dont know whether to_accept (accept) it or not. 我不知道是否接受它。 [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)在“疑問詞＋不定式”結構中，不定式必須用主動式而不能用被動式。 (2)why后加不定式時，省略不定式符號to。 (3)whether后可接不定式，而if不可以。 注意事項 “特殊疑問詞＋不定式”結構，在句中作賓語、主語、表語等。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2018全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)Speaking of table manners, I think it is important for you to know how to use chopsticks.(要點句) (2)(2015浙江高考滿分作文)Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. I would love to go to a museum.(要點句) (3)The question many students are puzzled about is how to study English well.(要點句) [詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 see ... off， at least， be sensitive to， insist on， belong to，contrary to， give ... a lift， get used to 1．Contrary_to my expectation, he won the speech petition. 2．I made everything perfectly clear — or at_least I thought I did. 3．Dont be_sensitive_to what I said — I wasnt criticizing you. 4．It was late at night, and there was no bus.Fortunately, a man driving a car gave me a_lift. 5．The young man insisted_on being sent to where he was most needed. 6．The fresh air belongs_equally_to us all; we should protect it from being polluted. 7．Before I studied psychology