2019高考英語一輪選練編題 Unit 1 Great Scientists（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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Unit 1 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(必修5　Unit 1) 【短文語法填空】 When life takes you away from home,take technology to help guide and entertain you.Apps(程序)can help make your trip easier and more fun.Travel apps are very helpful to guide you on your trip.Some apps help you plan your trip and others help you travel. TripIt TripIt is a helpful app to organize travel plans.Sign up for a free account at the TripIt website and download the app to have all of your travel plans handy in one place. TripIt will create a travel plan that will be shown in the TripIt app on your phone.No need to hunt down emails when it is time to travel.Everything will be in one place,on the TripIt app. TripIt is free but a paid version is available that has more functions. Google Translate When traveling outside your home country,you may need some language help.Google Translate is an app that can help you understand a language other than your native tongue. The Google Translate app translates between 103 different languages.Copy text into the app to see a translation.You can also handwrite text onto the screen.Use your phone’s camera to see a translation of signs.Point the lens(鏡頭)at words to see the translation on the phone’s screen.The app works even without an Internet connection. Google Translate is available for free. OpenTable OpenTable is a restaurant reservation app to help users discover and make reservations at restaurants.Search by location,cooking,reviews and prices. OpenTable includes 31,000 restaurants around the world.Check the app to find information and make reservations within the app. OpenTable is available free for Android and iPhone and iPad. 1.How does the app“TripIt”benefit the users? A.It provides jobs concerning travel. B.It helps them plan their trip. C.It helps them sort out emails about travel. D.It helps them municate better. 2.What can users do to make full use of the app “ TripIt” ? A.Pay for a version of the app. B.Sign up for a free account. C.Update the app at least once a month. D.Upload a certain amount of relevant information. 3.What should“Google Translate”users do first if they want to know a foreign shop sign? A.Read it to the phone. B.Use the Google search engine. C.Refer to an e-dictionary on the phone. D.See it through the phones camera. 4.What can users do with the app“OpenTable”? A.Book food in advance. B.Deliver food to a place quickly. C.Buy raw materials to produce good dishes. D.Cook food according to the recipes the app provides. 參考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.A 解析： 1.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的TripIt is a helpful app to organize travel plans可知,這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序能夠幫助用戶制定旅行計(jì)劃。] 2.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的a paid version is available that has more functions可知,付費(fèi)的版本比免費(fèi)的功能多?；ㄥX之后,更能充分利用該應(yīng)用程序軟件。] 3.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的Use your phone’s camera to see a translation of signs.Point the lens(鏡頭)at words to see the translation on the phone’s screen可知,要想知道一個(gè)外國(guó)商店招牌的意思,首先要用手機(jī)上的照相機(jī)去看招牌。程序就會(huì)翻譯成用戶的本族語。] 4.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)小標(biāo)題下的Check the app to find information and make reservations within the app可知,該應(yīng)用程序是用來預(yù)訂用餐的。] Ⅰ.閱讀理解 “She was lost in her book.”“He couldn’t put the book down.”“I was on the edge of my seat.”These are all mon phrases that we may use to describe the experience we have when we read books.In the middle of a good book,we may feel as though we have left the real world behind. So how do our minds use the letters on the page to let us step into the shoes of our favorite characters and experience the events in a story?Recent studies show that the reason is because our minds really do pretend that we are actually participating in the story.Just like a flight simulator(模擬器) allows training pilots to practice flying a plane,stories seem to be a life simulator,allowing our minds to pretend they are doing all sorts of interesting activities.Let us take a look at some of these studies. In one set of studies,scientists presented the participants in their study with sentences like “The man saw the bird in the sky”and “The man saw the bird in the nest.”Participants in the study would read the sentences on a puter screen,and would then see an image on the screen that either matched or did not match the sentences.People would click a button faster when the sentence and image matched than when they did not match.Notice that there is nothing in the sentence that tells the participants in the study how the bird should look—both sentences simply say,“the bird”.So,when people are faster to respond to the matching image,we can conclude it is because of perceptual(感覺的) simulation. In new research,scientists are also beginning to find that difficulty creating these mental simulations is related to difficulty understanding and following stories that are longer and more detailed.So,for some children,not being able to see the stories in their minds may make it harder for them to keep track of everything that is going on and where,when and why it is going on.This means that this research is important,not only because it tells us something interesting about how our minds work but also because the findings could someday help teachers and parents find new ways to help children who are having difficulty with reading. 1.According to Paragraph 1,readers are likely to 　　　. A.get lost in a book B.forget what they have read C.have difficulty keeping reading D.get different feelings from the same book 2.A flight simulator is mentioned to 　　　. A.show the advantages of reading B.explain how to read more efficiently C.show the differences between reading and flying D.explain what happens in our minds while reading 3.What can we infer from the studies mentioned in Paragraph 3? A.Readers are good at matching. B.Readers prefer images to words. C.Readers are usually very imaginative. D.Readers create mental images while reading. 4.The research findings mentioned in the text may help 　　　. A.people read carefully for details B.people read short articles quickly C.those who find it difficult to read D.those who show no interest in reading I was taking the garbage out two nights ago and I recognized a neighbor so I said hi.We started chatting and he began by telling me how his wife passed away in September last year and how they had been together for 63 years.He is now 87. I was delighted to listen to his stories about when he lived in Poland, the country that he is from,and how he was a skilled worker that got payment only with food and wine.He continued to tell me very interesting facts about crows he had seen on National Geographic《國(guó)家地理》,and about how happy he is in this neighborhood where he can walk everywhere and doesn’t even need a car to get around. We chatted for about 30 minutes and then we began to part ways.On his way back home,he was sure to let me know how I had made his day by chatting with him.He said he’s old and just talks to himself every day. During the conversation,he told me what unit he lives in,in the building and I was so happy about that! I decided to bake a delicious pie and some peanut butter cookies to share with him,and chat with him some more.In the meantime,I want to ask him if he would like me to visit from time to time.I’m sure he’ll love the pany and the human interaction. So I wanted to share my story,because not only did I make his day,but also he made mine! It was the highlight of my day,and now I can’t wait to surprise him with my food! 1.How did the author’s neighbor begin his talk with him? A.By telling him how his wife died. B.By telling him why he left Poland. C.By telling him what his hobbies were. D.By telling him how he got along with his children. 2.What made the author overjoyed? A.His neighbour’s kind characters. B.His neighbour’s life experiences. C.His neighbour’s optimistic attitude. D.His neighbour’s fortable life style. 3.What do you know about the old man? A.He has been living a hard and difficult life. B.He is too old to support himself on his own. C.It is hard for him to find someone to chat with. D.No one is interested in his stories except the author. 4.What is the author going to do to further the relationship with his neighbor? A.Do some housework for him regularly. B.Make food for him. C.Bring him out to eat. D.Invite him to his home. 參考答案： 1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.B 解析： 1.[事實(shí)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段:We started chatting and he began by telling me how his wife passed away in September last year. ] 2.[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的I was delighted to listen to his stories about……可知,老人的生活經(jīng)歷使得作者很高興。] 3.[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的He said he’s old and just talks to himself every day可知,平時(shí)老人很難找到人傾訴,每天自言自語打發(fā)時(shí)光。] 4.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的now I can’t wait to surprise him with my food可知,作者想親自為老人制作食品,這自然會(huì)加深他們之間的關(guān)系。] Ⅱ.完形填空 (2016鄭州第二次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)) I had just started my second year studying at Cambridge University when I was faced with the news I had never expected.A lump in my neck 　1　 out to be cancer.I would 　2　 six months of chemotherapy(化療). After the shock,I was struck by this thought:my 　3　 didn’t have any room for cancer.I had so much I wanted to 　4　 and so many goals I wanted to chase. I was faced with the 　5　 job of telling my friends and family.Then,I had to decide whether to 　6　 in Cambridge and take five exams at the end of the year.My doctor 　7　 against it,and so did my parents and teachers. My doctors and teachers convinced me that taking some time off to 　8　 and relax would be the best thing for me.I could not think of anything 　9　.I did not want to 　10　 a year of my life,receiving pity from those around me. Together with my parents,I tried to persuade the university to 　11　 me to stay at Cambridge and study only half the course.At the end of the year I would take two exams.It was really a 　12　 to persuade them to agree. Treatment began and I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week.It made me feel 　13　,but to a much lesser degree than I had expected.I was 　14　 to read,eat and socialize exactly as I used to.I slept a lot and rested a lot,but I also worked hard at my studies.It gave me focus,and it also gave me purpose.pleting my 　15　 at the end of the term felt like a great personal victory. I took a 　16　 to continue studying while undergoing treatment,and it 　17　.I was successful in my exams—and more 　18　,I made a full recovery. Every person facing a disease like cancer must make the 　19　 that are right for them.I am 　20　 that I made the decision that was right for me. 1.A.stuck　　　　　　　 B.came C.turned D.worked 2.A.require B.expect C.sense D.arrange 3.A.body B.memories C.family D.dreams 4.A.face B.achieve C.show D.understand 5.A.necessary B.temporary C.difficult D.disappointing 6.A.join B.treat C.settle D.continue 7.A.fought B.advised C.acted D.decided 8.A.recover B.exercise C.study D.play 9.A.better B.worse C.more D.less 10.A.save B.spend C.take D.miss 11.A.help B.remind C.allow D.invite 12.A.struggle B.failure C.burden D.trouble 13.A.tired B.relaxed C.confident D.nervous 14.A.afraid B.ready C.able D.eager 15.A.purpose B.projects C.treatment D.exams 16.A.rest B.risk C.privilege D.job 17.A.ended up B.passed on C.paid off D.broke out 18.A.clearly B.interestingly C.specifically D.importantly 19.A.choices B.changes C.efforts D.chances 20.A.surprised B.excited C.determined D.proud Ⅲ. 短文改錯(cuò) (2016太原一模) Yesterday my friend Julia and me had lunch in the Pizza Hut behind our school.I knew Julia wasn’t crazy about pizzas,but she came along just because me.At the table next to ours,there were two guys from our class.One of them was real funny.He tried to imitate all the customer in the Pizza Hut.We couldn’t stop to laughing.And there were some people whom did not like the fact that two boys were imitating them.They plained to an owner of the Pizza Hut,so he came over and tell them to stop.Seeing it,Julia and I was greatly embarrassed. 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(必修5　Unit 1) Ⅰ.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。研究表明,人們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)大腦會(huì)假裝正在參與書中的活動(dòng)。 1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段開頭的三個(gè)句子及段末的“...we may feel as though we have left the real world behind.”可知,讀者有可能沉迷于一本書中。 2.D　推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Just like a flight simulator(模擬器) allows training pilots to practice flying a plane...interesting activities...”可知,作者用飛行模擬器解釋人們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)大腦如何運(yùn)作。 3.D　推理判斷題。由第三段末的“...when people are faster to respond to the matching image,we can conclude it is because of perceptual simulation.”可推斷,讀者在閱讀時(shí),大腦會(huì)模擬書中的情景,使人有身臨其境的感覺,即讀者閱讀時(shí)會(huì)根據(jù)書中的內(nèi)容形成心智圖像。 4.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章末的“...the findings could someday help teachers and parents find new ways to help children who are having difficulty with reading.”可知。 Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文為記敘文?！拔摇痹趧虼髮W(xué)讀書期間患上了癌癥,醫(yī)生和老師都建議“我”休學(xué)治療,但是“我”堅(jiān)持邊上學(xué)邊治療,最后“我”不僅順利通過了考試,也完全康復(fù)了。 1.C　根據(jù)后面的out to be cancer可知,“我”脖子上的腫塊原來是癌癥;turn out to be為固定搭配,意為“結(jié)果是,證明是”。 2.A　根據(jù)上句可知,“我”脖子上的腫塊是癌癥;因此,“我”需要化療。require意為“需要”,符合語境。 3.D　根據(jù)后面的“I had so much...I wanted to chase.”可知,“我”有許多夢(mèng)想(dreams)要實(shí)現(xiàn)(achieve),有許多目標(biāo)要追尋,“我”的夢(mèng)想里沒有什么空間可以放得下癌癥,故D項(xiàng)正確。 4.B　參照第3題解析。 5.C　根據(jù)后面的“job of telling my friends and family”并結(jié)合語境可知,“我”患上癌癥,將這個(gè)消息告訴朋友和家人是一件困難的(difficult)事。 6.D　根據(jù)后面的“...take five exams at the end of the year.”可知,此處表示這時(shí)“我”要決定是否要繼續(xù)(continue)在劍橋的學(xué)業(yè)。 7.B　醫(yī)生建議(advised)“我”不要繼續(xù)讀書。 8.A　醫(yī)生和老師都認(rèn)為休學(xué)對(duì)于“我”的康復(fù)(recover)和休息是最好的選擇。 9.B　根據(jù)語境可以判斷,“我”很想留在劍橋繼續(xù)上學(xué),故此處表示“我”想不到比休學(xué)更糟的(worse)事情了。 10.D　根據(jù)語境及后面的“receiving pity”可知,醫(yī)生建議“我”休學(xué),而“我”不想失去(miss)一年的大學(xué)時(shí)光。 11.C　“我”努力說服學(xué)校同意(allow)“我”繼續(xù)留在劍橋讀書。allow sb.to do sth.為固定搭配,意為“允許某人做某事”,故C項(xiàng)正確。 12.A　根據(jù)后面的“to persuade them to agree”可以判斷,說服學(xué)校接受“我”繼續(xù)讀書是一件難事(struggle)。 13.A　根據(jù)上句中的“...I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week.”可知,“我”每?jī)芍芫鸵獜膭虻絺惗貋砘仡嶔そ邮苤委?“我”感到很疲勞(tired)。 14.C　根據(jù)該句中的as I used to可以判斷,“我”跟從前一樣能夠(able)讀書、吃飯和社交。 15.D　根據(jù)上文第五段的倒數(shù)第二句“At the end of the year I would take two exams.”可知,“我”在年底要參加兩場(chǎng)考試;因此,在期末完成考試(exams)對(duì)于“我”來說就像是一個(gè)巨大的成功。 16.B　根據(jù)該句中的continue studying while undergoing treatment可以判斷,在治療過程中“我”繼續(xù)上學(xué),這是冒險(xiǎn)的(risk)。 17.C　根據(jù)下句中的I was successful in my exams可知,“我”考試成功了,“我”的努力終于奏效(paid off)了。end up意為“最終成為”,pass on意為“傳給”,break out意為“爆發(fā)”,都與語境不符。 18.D　根據(jù)后面的“I made a full recovery.”可知,更重要的是(importantly),“我”完全康復(fù)了。 19.A　通讀上文可知,“我”在是否休學(xué)去接受治療的問題上做出了正確的選擇(choices)。下文中的“...I made the decision that was right for me.”是提示。 20.D　根據(jù)該句中的“...that I made the decision that was right for me.”可以判斷,“我”對(duì)做出正確的選擇感到驕傲(proud)。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 　　Yesterday my friend Julia and meI had lunch in the Pizza Hut behind our school.I knew Julia wasn’t crazy about pizzas,but she came along just because me.At the table next to ours,there were two guys from our class.One of them was realreally funny.He tried to imitate all the customercustomers in the Pizza Hut.We couldn’t stop to laughing.AndBut there were some people whomwho did not like the fact that two boys were imitating them.They plained to anthe owner of the Pizza Hut,so he came over and telltold them to stop.Seeing it,Julia and I waswere greatly embarrassed.