2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)自練題 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero ***閱讀理解。 The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card (信用卡) fraud.Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal website(非法網(wǎng)站). Websites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number — or sell the information over the Internet.puter hackers(黑客) have broken down security(安全) systems,raising questions about the safety of cardholder information.Several months ago,25,000 customers of CD Universe,an on-line music retailer(零售商),were not lucky.Their names,addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a website after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information. Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud.Mastercard is working on plans for web—only credit card,with a lower credit limit.The card could be used only for shopping on-line.However,there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated(欺騙). Ask about your credit-card firm’s on-line rules: Under British law,cardholders have to pay the first US $78 of any fraudulent(欺騙性的) spending. And shop only at secure sites;send your credit-card information only if the website offers advanced secure system. If the security is in place,a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen.The website address may also start the extra “s” stands for secure.If in doubt,give your credit-card information over the telephone. Keep your password(密碼) safe: Most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order.Treat your passwords with care. 1.What do most people worry about the Internet according to this passage? A.A lot of stolen credit-cards were sold on the Internet. B.Fraud on the Internet. C.Many websites are destroyed. D.Many illegal websites are on the Internet. 2.What is the meaning of “fraud”? A.Cheating. B.Sale. C.Payment. D.Safety. 3.How can the thieves get the information of the credit card? A.The customers give them the information. B.The thieves steal the information from websites. C.The customers sell the information to them. D.The thieves buy the information from credit-card firms. 4.You are shopping on a site starting and you want to buy a TV set,what does this article suggest to do? A.Order the TV set at once. B.Do not buy the TV set on this site. C.E-mail the site your credit-card information. D.Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you. 參考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.B; 4.B 解析： 本文介紹了網(wǎng)上黑客人員盜用信用卡資料進(jìn)行欺騙的行為以及我們?cè)撛鯓臃佬l(wèi)的措施。 1.B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句(因特網(wǎng)已導(dǎo)致使用信用卡欺騙的行為大量增加)可推知此題答案為B項(xiàng)。 2.A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二句(你的卡上資料可能會(huì)在網(wǎng)上非法出售)和第四段最后一句(可采用下列步驟防止受欺騙)可推知此題答案為A項(xiàng)。 3.B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的提醒(當(dāng)心那些提供便宜商品或服務(wù)的網(wǎng)址)可推知此題答案為B項(xiàng)。也可采用排除法:根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,排除A、C兩項(xiàng)(并且此兩項(xiàng)也不合情理);根據(jù)文章第四段第一句可知選項(xiàng)D也不正確。因此選B項(xiàng)。 4.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的說明:安全的網(wǎng)址應(yīng)在電腦的右下角有一個(gè)小字母,或在網(wǎng)址中有一個(gè)字母s,而問題中的網(wǎng)址中沒有字母s,從而可推知此題答案為B項(xiàng)。 ***.語法填空。 (2017全國卷Ⅲ)She looks like any other schoolgirl, freshfaced and full of life.Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm __1__ (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as __2__ model in New York. Sarah __3__(tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime. But Sarah, __4__ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants __5__ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her __6__ (educate)． She has turned down several __7__(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree __8__ engineering or architecture. Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school __9__(e) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is __10__(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model anymore.” 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 5．________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 9．________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。16歲的薩拉作為一名模特兒表現(xiàn)出色，她父親想讓她放棄學(xué)業(yè)專心從事模特兒行業(yè)，但薩拉認(rèn)為學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)先，應(yīng)努力成為一個(gè)既有美貌又有智慧的女性。 1．resting　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。spend time (in) doing sth.為固定搭配，此處表示薩拉沒有花半學(xué)期的時(shí)間來休息。 2．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。句意：相反，她在紐約作為一名模特兒每天收入6,500英鎊。用不定冠詞a表泛指。 3．was told　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，薩拉應(yīng)該是“被告知”她能成為英國新的超模兒，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 4．who　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。引導(dǎo)詞代替先行詞Sarah在從句中作主語，且指人，故用who。 5．to prove　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。want to do sth. “想要做某事”，為固定搭配。 6．education　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞her應(yīng)該用來修飾名詞，educate的名詞形式是education。 7．invitations　考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。several “幾個(gè)”，其后的可數(shù)名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 8．in　考查介詞。關(guān)于某個(gè)專業(yè)的學(xué)位要用介詞in。a degree in engineering or architecture “工程學(xué)或建筑學(xué)學(xué)位”。 9．es　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。此處為陳述客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 10．certainly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)該用副詞來修飾形容詞fun, certain的副詞形式為certainly。 ***完形填空 One day, while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that the trees were 1 ． Like many other parents, mine were hard to 2 for, so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something they’d 3 ．I also thought two would be even better.I checked the 4 at work and decided it was a bit more than I could 5 —but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees. In northern Ohio，you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to 6 Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground 7 ．We asked my aunt if she’d help us with the “ 8 ”， and she called my parents 9 to say she was ing for a Sunday visit.Then my sisters and sistersinlaw went into 10 ，planning a big holiday turkey dinner. On the 11 Sunday, we all met at my house and 12 the trees into a truck.I 13 as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my parents’ house，Dad was 14 something was wrong first.He and Mom were amazed when we told them 15 we were there. When Christmas 16 ，of course, we couldn’t go to our parents’ house emptyhanded, so Mom and Dad got 17 presents that year.Almost half a century later, I 18 drive by the old farm and smile when I see those big, handsome 19 and remember giving a special 20 to special people at Christmas in October. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己和親人們一起用特別的方式給其父母帶來驚喜的經(jīng)歷。 1．A.distinctive　　　　　　　 B．fragrant C．expensive D．pretty D　解析：上文提及父親想要在庭院種植一棵楓樹，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此處應(yīng)是母親也欣然同意，認(rèn)為楓樹很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive “與眾不同的”；fragrant “芳香的”；expensive“貴的”。 2．A.shop B．represent C．a(chǎn)nswer D．care A　解析：根據(jù)上文的“Like many other parents，mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下來介紹的作者兄弟姐妹幾人為父母買禮物的內(nèi)容可知，此處指作者覺得父母買東西是很難的，故選shop “購物”。 3．A.deserve B．a(chǎn)ppreciate C．a(chǎn)dvertise D．imagine B　解析：根據(jù)上文的“Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard...”及下文介紹的為父母買禮物的內(nèi)容可知，此處指作者認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)給父母買他們欣賞的東西的好機(jī)會(huì)。deserve “值得，應(yīng)得”；appreciate “感激，欣賞”；advertise “為……做廣告”；imagine“想象”。 4．A.result B．number C．price D．express C　解析：根據(jù)下文的“but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees”可知，作者在上班時(shí)查看了一下楓樹的價(jià)格(price)，認(rèn)為它的價(jià)格比自己能支付得起(afford)的還要高一點(diǎn)。 5．A.afford B．expect C．fancy D．handle A　解析：參見上題解析。 6．A.frighten B．a(chǎn)ssist C．surprise D．reward C　解析：從下文作者聯(lián)合其姑姑來幫忙實(shí)施這個(gè)計(jì)劃以及計(jì)劃具體實(shí)施的內(nèi)容可知，作者他們想給父母一個(gè)驚喜(surprise)。 7．A.warmed B．froze C．softened D．darkened B　解析：根據(jù)上下文語境及句中的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas”及“a special Christmas in October before the ground”可知，作者他們決定在土地上凍之前讓父母度過一個(gè)特別的圣誕節(jié)。freeze “結(jié)冰”符合語境。 8．A.trick B．purchase C．choice D．decoration A　解析：根據(jù)上下文語境可知，作者詢問姑姑是否可以幫忙實(shí)施這個(gè)“騙局(trick)”。 9．A.in advance B．in time C．by accident D．on purpose A　解析：根據(jù)上下文語境可知，作者的姑姑提前(in advance)給作者的父母打電話說她會(huì)在周日來拜訪。in time “及時(shí)”；by accident “意外地”； on purpose“故意地”。 10．A.service B．a(chǎn)ction C．effect D．production B　解析：根據(jù)下文的“planning a big holiday turkey dinner” 可知，隨后，作者的姐妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行動(dòng)起來。go into action “行動(dòng)起來”符合語境。go into service “投入使用”；go into effect “生效”；go into production “投入生產(chǎn)”。 11．A.regular B．separate C．given D．chosen D　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者和親人們?cè)谶x定的(chosen)那個(gè)周日聚到自己家里。 12．A.sorted B．loaded C．transported D．transplanted B　解析：根據(jù)下文的“the trees into a truck”可知，作者他們把樹裝上(loaded)卡車。sort“整理”； transport “運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送”；transplant “移植”。 13．A.dressed up B．passed off C．looked on D．started out A　解析：根據(jù)下文的“as Santa Claus” 可知，作者把自己裝扮(dressed up)成圣誕老人。pass sb./sth.off as...“把……冒充為……”；look on sb./sth.as... “把……當(dāng)作……”；start out as...“以……開始，起初是……”。 14．A.delighted B．a(chǎn)nnoyed C．disappointed D．convinced D　解析：根據(jù)上下文語境及句中的“something was wrong first” 可知，作者的父親一開始堅(jiān)信哪里出了問題。convinced “確信，堅(jiān)信”符合語境。 15．A.when B．how C．why D．whether C　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，當(dāng)我們告訴他們我們?yōu)槭裁?why)會(huì)在那里的時(shí)候，父母感到很吃驚。 16．A.came around B．dropped out C．turned up D．drew in A　解析：根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)又到圣誕節(jié)時(shí)，作者他們?nèi)ヌ酵改?。e around “再次出現(xiàn)，再度發(fā)生”； drop out “退出”；turn up “出現(xiàn)”；draw in “(白天變得)漸短”。 17．A.generous B．a(chǎn)dditional C．double D．special C　解析：根據(jù)上文的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to...with a special Christmas in October” 可知，作者他們?cè)谑路莸臅r(shí)候已經(jīng)為父母送上了一份特別的圣誕節(jié)禮物，而在真正的圣誕節(jié)到來的時(shí)候，他們又不能空手去拜訪自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了雙份的(double)圣誕節(jié)禮物。 18．A.even B．just C．once D．still D　解析：根據(jù)上下文語境可知，時(shí)隔幾乎半個(gè)世紀(jì)之后，當(dāng)作者看到那些高大、漂亮的楓樹(trees)時(shí)依然(still)會(huì)面帶微笑地駛過那個(gè)農(nóng)場。 19．A.farms B．trees C．trucks D．yards B　解析：參見上題解析。 20．A.congratulation B．gift C．donation D．greeting B　解析：作者看著那些楓樹時(shí)，會(huì)想起自己多年前在圣誕節(jié)送給父母特別的禮物(gift)。上文中的“presents that year”亦是關(guān)鍵提示。congratulation“祝賀”； donation “捐贈(zèng)物”；greeting “問候”。 ***短文改錯(cuò) Nowadays, its fashionable for young student to have iPads. Used an iPad, we can listen to music, download a lot of learning materials and read it. Obviously, its of great help with our studies, especial with our English listening skills. Some students, however, bring their iPads to the classroom listening to music with earphones, but some even playing video games, which make teachers and students greatly annoyed. For my opinion, the classroom is a place to study, and concentration was terribly needed. Therefore, we should make a good use of iPads and other modern munication tools to help with our lessons. Meanwhile, schools should make some rules instruct the students to use iPads properly. 答案： Nowadays, its fashionable for young to have iPads. an iPad, we can listen to music, download a lot of learning materials and read . Obviously, its of great help with our studies, with our English listening skills. Some students, however, bring their iPads to the classroom listening to music with earphones, some even playing video games, which teachers and students greatly annoyed. my opinion, the classroom is a place to study, and concentration terribly needed. Therefore, we should makegood use of iPads and other modern munication tools to help with our lessons. Meanwhile, schools should make some rules instruct the students to use iPads properly. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第二處：Used→Using　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。邏輯主語we和use之間是主謂關(guān)系，且use所表示的動(dòng)作和句子謂語動(dòng)詞download和read所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。 第六處：make→makes　考查主謂一致。which指代的是前面整句話的內(nèi)容，所以定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式makes。 第十處：rules后加to　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處用不定式短語充當(dāng)目的狀語。 ***