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摘 要
隨著現(xiàn)代航空航天、模具加工、汽車制造、電子制造行業(yè)等領(lǐng)域?qū)Ξa(chǎn)品加工效率和精度的要求越來(lái)越高,而高速數(shù)控機(jī)床能夠滿足這一需求。機(jī)床進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)是高速機(jī)床的主要功能部件。而直線電機(jī)的進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)改變了傳統(tǒng)滾珠絲杠傳動(dòng)方式中存在的彈性變形大、存在一定反向間隙、響應(yīng)速度慢、易磨損等一些難以避免的缺點(diǎn),同時(shí)具有速度高、定位精度高、加速度大、行程長(zhǎng)度不受限制等一些優(yōu)點(diǎn),使其在數(shù)控機(jī)床的進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域漸漸發(fā)展為主導(dǎo)方向。
近些年，有越來(lái)越多企業(yè)開(kāi)始在數(shù)控機(jī)床上采用直線電機(jī)，究其根本原因是：為了提高生產(chǎn)效率和改善零件的加工質(zhì)量而發(fā)展的高速以及超高速加工方式現(xiàn)已成為機(jī)床發(fā)展的一個(gè)重大趨勢(shì)，一個(gè)響應(yīng)快、輕便的驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是解決此問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵所在。直線電機(jī)，其速度最高能達(dá)到傳統(tǒng)傳動(dòng)方式“旋轉(zhuǎn)電機(jī)+滾珠絲杠”的10～30倍，加速度最高是傳統(tǒng)傳動(dòng)方式的10倍，剛度提高了7倍左右。直線電機(jī)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)的進(jìn)給軸無(wú)反向間隙，而且電機(jī)慣量較小，所以直線電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)能夠達(dá)到較高的響應(yīng)頻率?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了大推力直線電機(jī)，所以在重型龍門機(jī)床上采用直線電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)數(shù)噸重的運(yùn)動(dòng)部件也已不成問(wèn)題，直線電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)將是未來(lái)數(shù)控機(jī)床發(fā)展的方向。
關(guān)鍵詞：直線電機(jī)；數(shù)控機(jī)床；進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)；高精度
Abstract
With modern aerospace, would processing, automobile manufacturing, electronic manufacturing industry in areas such as more and more high to the requirement of product processing precision and efficiency, and high speed CNC machine can satisfy this requirement. Machine tool feed system is the main function of high speed machine tool parts. And linear motor feed system completely changed the traditional way of ball screw transmission of large elastic deformation, slow response speed and reverse clearance, easy to wear, are inevitable shortcomings, such as with high velocity, high acceleration, high positioning accuracy, the advantages of stroke length is not restricted, make its gradual development in the field of nc machine tool high-speed feed system as the leading direction.
In recent years, more and more enterprises in the linear motor is used on nc machine tools, its basic reason is: in order to improve production efficiency and the improvement of the machining quality of parts and the development of high speed and ultra-high speed machining has become a major trend in the development of machine tool, a responsive, high speed, light drive system is the key to solve this problem. Linear motor, its highest speed is the traditional transmission mode "rotary motor and ball screw" 10 ~ 30 times, maximum acceleration was 10 times higher than the traditional transmission mode, stiffness increased 7 times; Linear motor direct drive feed shaft without reverse clearance; Since the motor inertia small, composed of the linear motor drive system can achieve high frequency response; Now there have been great thrust linear motor, so on the heavy gantry machine driven by linear motor has tons of moving parts is not a problem, technology driven by linear TV will be the developing direction of high speed nc machine tools in the future.
Keywords: linear motor; CNC machine tools; Feed system; High precision
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目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 緒論 1
2 直線電機(jī)國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 2
2.1 直線電機(jī)的發(fā)展歷史 2
2.2 直線電機(jī)國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀 3
2.2.1 國(guó)外直線電機(jī)的研究現(xiàn)狀 3
2.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)直線電機(jī)的研究現(xiàn)狀 5
2.3 直線電機(jī)的發(fā)展方向和前景 5
2.3.1 直線電機(jī)的發(fā)展方向 5
2.3.2 直線電機(jī)的前景 6
3 直線電機(jī)的工作原理 7
3.1 直線電機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和分類 7
3.1.1 直線電機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 7
3.1.2 直線電機(jī)的分類 8
3.2 直線電動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理 10
3.3 直線電機(jī)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) 12
4 直線電機(jī)在龍門加工中心Y軸驅(qū)動(dòng)上的應(yīng)用 14
4.1 直線電機(jī)的選型計(jì)算 14
4.2 直線電機(jī)的安裝方式 15
4.3 直線電機(jī)的測(cè)量反饋 15
4.4 直線電機(jī)的緊急制動(dòng)控制 16
4.5 直線電機(jī)冷卻控制設(shè)計(jì) 16
4.6 西門子840D系統(tǒng)中直線電機(jī)的調(diào)試 17
結(jié)論 19
致謝 20
參考文獻(xiàn) 21
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